Nokea
Which is a diagnosis that the nurse is legally responsible to report?
- A. Bronchiolitis
- B. Sexually transmitted infections
- C. Acute otitis media
- D. Strep throat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses are legally obligated to report certain communicable diseases, including sexually transmitted infections, to public health authorities to prevent further spread.
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A pregnant woman complains of frequent heartburn. The patient states that she has never had these symptoms before and wonders why this is happening now. The most appropriate response by the nurse is to
- A. examine her dietary intake pattern and tell her to avoid certain foods.
- B. tell her that this is a normal finding during early pregnancy and will resolve as she gets closer to term.
- C. experience this condition.
- D. refer her to her health care provider for additional testing because this is an abnormal finding.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
- Choice C is correct because heartburn is a common symptom during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus.
- The nurse should educate the patient that experiencing heartburn is a normal physiological response during pregnancy.
- It is important for the nurse to reassure the patient that her symptoms are expected and not a cause for concern.
- Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not address the normalcy of heartburn during pregnancy and may cause unnecessary worry or unnecessary interventions.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a prenatal client. She notices that her hemoglobin is 10.5. The nurse realizes this laboratory result indicates which of the following?
- A. Low vitamin intake has resulted in a decrease in red blood cell production.
- B. Plasma volume increase is greater than red blood cell production and has resulted in a decrease in hemoglobin.
- C. This is a serious problem that might harm the fetus.
- D. A repeat blood test should be done immediately to confirm that the client has anemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a hemoglobin level of 10.5 indicates a decrease in hemoglobin concentration, which is typically caused by an increase in plasma volume during pregnancy. This dilution effect results in a lower concentration of red blood cells in the blood, leading to lower hemoglobin levels. This physiological change is normal during pregnancy and is known as physiological anemia.
Choice A is incorrect because low vitamin intake would not directly result in a decrease in red blood cell production leading to low hemoglobin levels.
Choice C is incorrect because a hemoglobin level of 10.5, although lower than normal, does not necessarily indicate a serious problem that would harm the fetus.
Choice D is incorrect because a repeat blood test is not immediately necessary to confirm anemia as the low hemoglobin level can be explained by the normal increase in plasma volume during pregnancy.
A 36-year-old divorcee with a successful modeling career finds out that her 18-year-old
daughter is expecting her first child. Which is a major factor in determining how this woman
will respond to becoming a grandmother?
- A. Her age
- B. Her career
- C. Being divorced
- D. Age of the daughter
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, the age of the daughter. The major factor in how the woman will respond as a grandmother is the age of her daughter because it directly impacts the circumstances and challenges the daughter may face as a young mother. The woman's age (choice A) and career (choice B) may influence her perspective and ability to support her daughter, but the daughter's age is the primary determinant. Being divorced (choice C) may also play a role in the woman's response, but it is not as significant as the daughter's age in this scenario.
A young woman comes to the neighborhood clinic explaining that she had a negative urine pregnancy test last week but a positive test today. What is the best explanation?
- A. It is probable that the hCG levels were not high enough to be detected last week.
- B. It is likely that you may not be pregnant, so wait to see if you get your period.
- C. Don't worry, this happens sometimes. You should perform another test in a few days.
- D. Shall we set up a complete examination to see if you are really pregnant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It is probable that the hCG levels were not high enough to be detected last week. This is because hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is the hormone produced during pregnancy that is detected in pregnancy tests. In early pregnancy, hCG levels can be low and may not be detectable by a urine test until they reach a certain threshold. Therefore, a negative test last week could be due to the hCG levels being below the detection threshold at that time. A positive test today indicates that the hCG levels have increased and are now detectable.
Summary of why the other choices are incorrect:
B: It is likely that you may not be pregnant, so wait to see if you get your period. This is incorrect because a positive test indicates pregnancy, and waiting for a period may not be appropriate if the woman is indeed pregnant.
C: Don't worry, this happens sometimes. You should perform another test in a few days. This
The musculoskeletal system adapts to the changes that occur during pregnancy. A woman can expect to experience what change?
- A. Her center of gravity will shift backward
- B. She will have increased lordosis
- C. She will have increased abdominal muscle tone
- D. She will notice decreased mobility of her pelvic joints
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased lordosis (curvature of the lower spine) occurs to help balance the growing uterus. Abdominal muscles stretch and weaken, and pelvic joint mobility increases.