Which is/are true?
- A. Babies are able to respond to sounds in utero
- B. Full term babies at birth are unable to follow a large object with their eyes
- C. A 6-week-old infant would be able to follow a large object through an arc of 135°
- D. Growth velocity of head decreases with age
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Babies can respond to sounds in utero, and head growth velocity does decrease with age. Full-term babies can follow large objects, and a 6-week-old can follow objects through a smaller arc.
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Dome and dart P wave in lead V1 in electrocardiogram is suggestive of which of the following?
- A. Dextrocardia
- B. Left atrial ectopic rhythm
- C. Biatrial enlargement
- D. Mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The dome and dart P wave morphology is characteristic of biatrial enlargement, often seen in conditions like mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation.
Which statement by the mother of a child with rheumatic fever (RF) indicates that she has an understanding of prevention for her other children?
- A. “Whenever one of them gets a sore throat, I will give that child an antibiotic.â€
- B. “There is no treatment since it is viral and must run its course.â€
- C. “If their culture is positive for group A streptococcus, I will give them a full course of their antibiotic.â€
- D. “If their culture is positive for staphylococcus A, I will give them a full course of their antibiotic.â€
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A positive culture for group A streptococcus indicates a bacterial infection that requires a full course of antibiotics to prevent rheumatic fever, which can develop as a complication of untreated strep throat.
Nurse Mariane is caring for an infant with spina bifida. Which technique is most important in recognizing possible hydrocephalus?
- A. Measuring head circumference
- B. Obtaining skull X-ray
- C. Performing a lumbar puncture
- D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Measuring head circumference is a non-invasive way to monitor for hydrocephalus, a common complication of spina bifida.
Coxsackie viruses are implicated in:
- A. Herpangina
- B. Dermatitis herpetiformis
- C. Meningitis
- D. Orchitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coxsackie viruses are a common cause of herpangina. They can also cause meningitis and orchitis, but dermatitis herpetiformis is not associated with Coxsackie viruses.
An older male client with long-standing lung disease is admitted to the medical unit for treatment of pulmonary infection. In assessing for signs of increasing hypoxia, which action should the nurse include? (select all that apply)
- A. Monitor dryness of mucous membranes
- B. Check for changes in mentation
- C. Observe color of skin and nailbeds
- D. Note appearance of jugular veins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changes in mentation, skin color, and breathing patterns are key indicators of hypoxia in clients with lung disease.