Nokea
Which laboratory study is monitored for the patient receiving heparin therapy?
- A. INR
- B. PTT
- C. PT
- D. Bleeding time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The laboratory study monitored for a patient receiving heparin therapy is the Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). Heparin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting clot formation. PTT measures the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, which is affected by heparin administration. Monitoring the PTT helps ensure that the patient's blood is at the appropriate level of anticoagulation and reduces the risk of bleeding or clot formation.
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A previously "potty-trained" 30-month-old child has reverted to wearing diapers while hospitalized. The nurse should reassure the parents that this is normal because of which reason?
- A. Regression is seen during hospitalization.
- B. Developmental delays occur because of the hospitalization.
- C. The child is experiencing urinary urgency because of hospitalization.
- D. The child was too young to be "potty-trained."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regression in toilet training is a common behavior seen in young children, especially during times of stress or change, such as hospitalization. The child may revert to familiar behaviors, such as wearing diapers, as a way of seeking comfort and security during a stressful experience like being in the hospital. It is important for the nurse to reassure the parents that this regression is temporary and normal under the circumstances. By providing support and understanding, the child will likely return to their previous toilet training habits once they are back in their usual environment.
What is the best way to detect testicular cancer early?
- A. Monthly testicular self-examination
- B. Annual physician examination
- C. Yearly digital rectal examination
- D. Annual ultrasonography
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Testicular self-examination is the best way to detect testicular cancer early. It involves checking the size, shape, and consistency of the testicles to identify any changes or abnormalities. By performing monthly self-exams, men become familiar with the normal feel and appearance of their testicles, making it easier to notice any unusual lumps or swelling that could indicate the presence of cancer. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment of testicular cancer, which is why regular self-exams are recommended, especially for men at higher risk, such as those with a family history of the disease or prior testicular cancer. Annual physician examinations and ultrasounds can also help in detecting testicular cancer, but self-exams are a simple and effective way for men to take an active role in their health and potentially detect any issues early on.
The normal range of hemoglobin in the blood of an adult:
- A. 7-11 mg
- B. 14-20 mg
- C. 12-18 mg
- D. 20-26 mg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The normal range of hemoglobin in the blood of an adult is typically between 12-18 grams per deciliter (g/dL). Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the tissues in the body. Having an adequate level of hemoglobin is essential for proper oxygen delivery throughout the body. Values outside of the normal range may indicate anemia (low hemoglobin levels) or other underlying health conditions. It's important to consult a healthcare provider for interpretation of specific hemoglobin test results.
The nurse has been caring for a newborn who just died. The parents are present but say they are "afraid" to hold the dead newborn. Which is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Tell them there is nothing to fear.
- B. Insist that they hold newborn "one last time."
- C. Respect their wishes and release body to morgue.
- D. Keep newborn's body available for a few hours in case they change their minds.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention in this situation is to keep the newborn's body available for a few hours in case the parents change their minds. It is important to respect the parents' feelings and fears while also providing them with the opportunity to hold their child if they decide to do so later on. By keeping the newborn's body available, the parents can have the time and space they need to process their emotions and make a decision that feels right for them. This approach supports the parents' autonomy and allows them to grieve in a way that is meaningful to them.
A 16-year-old mother complaining she feels unhappy living with her husband and his family. The most appropriate action is
- A. refer her to an obstetrician
- B. explain the way of milk expression
- C. apply Edinburgh postnatal depression scale
- D. advise her on milk engorgement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale is a screening tool for postnatal depression which might address her unhappiness.