Pediatrics Baby Fell off Bed Questions

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Which laboratory test value is elevated in clients who smoke and can't be used as a general indicator of cancer?

  • A. Acid phosphatase level
  • B. Alkaline phosphatase level
  • C. Serum calcitonin level
  • D. Carcinoembryonic antigen level
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Alkaline phosphatase level is elevated in clients who smoke due to various reasons unrelated to cancer. Smoking leads to increased alkaline phosphatase production in the liver, and elevated levels can be attributed to liver damage caused by smoking. However, a high alkaline phosphatase level alone cannot be used as a general indicator of cancer because it is not specific to cancer and can be influenced by several other factors. Therefore, it is not a reliable marker for the presence of cancer in individuals who smoke or in the general population.

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Which manifestation is more specific to occur in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) than other types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma?

  • A. primary bone marrow involvement
  • B. intestinal involvement
  • C. CNS involvement
  • D. primary mediastinal involvement
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Primary mediastinal involvement is a hallmark feature of ALCL.

The difficulty in putting words together, limited vocabulary, or inability to use language in a socially appropriate way is defined as a disorder of

  • A. fluency
  • B. reception
  • C. expression
  • D. resonance
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Expression disorders involve difficulties in putting words together or using language appropriately.

Choose the most likely serum sodium (Na ) value for this patient.

  • A. 110mEq/L
  • B. 155mEq/L
  • C. 165mEq/L
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most likely serum sodium (Na) value for this patient would be within the normal range which is typically between 135-145 mEq/L. A value of 155mEq/L would be considered hypernatremia, which is an elevated level of sodium in the blood, and is not a likely serum sodium value in this case. A level of 110mEq/L would be extremely low and indicate hyponatremia, while a level of 165mEq/L would be dangerously high and could indicate severe hypernatremia. Therefore, option B, 155mEq/L, falls within the normal range and is the most likely serum sodium value for this patient.

A child with a Wilms tumor is scheduled for surgery. Which best describes the procedure?

  • A. Only the affected kidney will be removed.
  • B. Both kidneys will be removed.
  • C. Only the tumor mass will be excised.
  • D. The tumor is removed, and a biopsy of the unaffected kidney is done.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The standard treatment for Wilms tumor is a nephrectomy of the affected kidney while preserving the other kidney.

Which is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures?

  • A. Pulmonary congestion
  • B. Congenital heart defect
  • C. Heart failure
  • D. Systemic venous congestion
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Heart failure is best described as the inability of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the systemic circulation at normal filling pressures. This results in the inefficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention. Pulmonary congestion, systemic venous congestion, and congenital heart defects can be associated with heart failure but are not the primary definition of the condition.

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