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Which major developmental tasks will the nurse expect a child to accomplish by the end of the preschool years?
- A. Development of parallel play
- B. Acceptance of separation
- C. Increased communication skills
- D. Consistent appetite
- E. Control of bodily functions
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Preschoolers achieve acceptance of separation, increased communication skills, and control of bodily functions; parallel play is earlier, and appetite remains inconsistent.
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What is the nurse's best advice to a parent about a preschooler's 'imaginary friend'?
- A. Having imaginary friends is a sign that the child has low self-esteem.
- B. It is common for preschoolers to have imaginary friends.
- C. Preschoolers invent an imaginary friend when they feel overwhelmed.
- D. The best approach to dealing with an imaginary friend is to ignore them.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Imaginary friends are common and normal in preschoolers, serving purposes like relieving loneliness or mastering fears.
Which statement best describes the 3-year-old child?
- A. Boisterous, tattles on others
- B. Aggressive, shows off
- C. Helpful, wants to assist with chores
- D. Talkative, inquisitive about the environment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Three-year-old children are helpful and can assist in simple household chores, reflecting their developmental stage.
The nurse points out what advantage(s) of a nursery school or preschool experience?
- A. Increasing self-confidence
- B. Fostering group cooperation
- C. Detecting adjustment problems
- D. Attainment of toilet training skills
- E. Playing experiences with other children
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Preschool fosters self-confidence, group cooperation, social skills, and early detection of adjustment problems; toilet training typically occurs before preschool.
What does including play in the plan of care for a 5-year-old allow the child to do?
- A. Exercise his imagination.
- B. Assume a role and act it out.
- C. Offer an emotional outlet.
- D. Avoid magical thinking.
- E. Interact with other children.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Play enables preschoolers to exercise imagination, assume roles, express emotions, and interact with others; it involves magical thinking.
What is this perception, as described in Piaget's theory?
- A. Egocentrism
- B. Artificialism
- C. Animism
- D. Intuition
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In Piaget's intuitive stage, preschoolers use prelogical thinking based on appearance, such as valuing a nickel over a dime because it is larger.