Nokea
Which numerator is used in computing the general fertility rate?
- A. Estimated midyear population
- B. Number of registered live births
- C. Number of pregnancies in the year
- D. Number of females of reproductive age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Number of registered live births. The general fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a specific period by the total number of women of reproductive age during that period. This numerator reflects the actual occurrence of live births in the population, making it the most appropriate measure for determining fertility rates accurately.
A: Estimated midyear population is not used as the numerator because it does not directly measure fertility rates.
C: Number of pregnancies in the year includes all pregnancies, not just live births, which would overestimate the fertility rate.
D: Number of females of reproductive age is not used as the numerator as it represents the total population, not the specific group giving birth.
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What is the primary purpose of providing iron supplementation to pregnant women?
- A. To prevent anemia
- B. To support fetal growth
- C. To reduce the risk of premature labor
- D. To decrease the likelihood of postpartum hemorrhage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: To prevent anemia. Iron supplementation in pregnant women is primarily aimed at preventing iron-deficiency anemia, a common condition during pregnancy due to increased demand for iron. Anemia can lead to complications for both the mother and the fetus, such as low birth weight and preterm birth. Providing iron helps maintain adequate hemoglobin levels for optimal oxygen transport.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Supporting fetal growth is an important aspect of prenatal care, but iron supplementation specifically targets preventing anemia.
C: While iron deficiency may contribute to premature labor, the primary purpose of iron supplementation is to prevent anemia.
D: Postpartum hemorrhage risk is more related to factors such as uterine atony and trauma during childbirth, not directly impacted by iron supplementation.
You are tasked with collecting data for nutritional assessment of a specific area. You will gather information solely from families with members who are part of the target population for Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM). Which method of data collection is most suitable for this purpose?
- A. Census
- B. Survey
- C. Record Review
- D. Review of civil registry
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most suitable method for collecting data in this scenario is a survey (Choice B). Here's the rationale:
1. Surveys allow for direct interaction with families to gather specific information on PEM.
2. Surveys can be tailored to ask targeted questions related to nutritional status.
3. Surveys provide a structured approach to collecting data from a sample of families.
4. Census (Choice A) collects data from the entire population, not just the target group.
5. Record review (Choice C) may not capture current or specific details on PEM.
6. Review of civil registry (Choice D) focuses on demographic data, not specific nutritional information.
The Sentrong Sigla Movement aims to enhance health service delivery. Which of the following statements is true about this movement?
- A. It is a project jointly led by the Department of Health and local government units
- B. It serves as a means to secure additional funding from local government units
- C. It promotes disease prevention and control as a priority for health centers
- D. Its primary approach involves certifying health centers meeting DOH standards
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Sentrong Sigla Movement's primary approach is certifying health centers meeting DOH standards. This certification ensures that health centers provide quality services. A is incorrect because the movement is led by DOH only. B is incorrect as it focuses on improving services rather than securing funding. C is incorrect as the movement emphasizes overall health service quality, not just disease prevention. In summary, D is correct as it aligns with the movement's core objective, while the other options do not accurately represent its purpose.
What care is given to a woman within a month after the delivery of a baby?
- A. Follow-up care
- B. Maternity care
- C. Puerperal care
- D. Post-natal care
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Post-natal care. Post-natal care refers to the care given to a woman within a month after delivering a baby. This care is crucial for monitoring the mother's physical and emotional health, providing support with breastfeeding, ensuring proper healing, and addressing any postpartum complications. Follow-up care (A) is a general term that may include various types of care beyond the immediate post-natal period. Maternity care (B) typically refers to the care provided during pregnancy and childbirth, not specifically after delivery. Puerperal care (C) specifically focuses on the period immediately following childbirth and may not encompass the entire month post-delivery.
Why is iron supplementation given to pregnant women?
- A. To prevent anemia
- B. To promote fetal growth
- C. To prevent premature labor
- D. To prevent postpartum hemorrhage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron supplementation is given to pregnant women to prevent anemia. During pregnancy, iron requirements increase to support the growing fetus and maternal blood volume expansion. Anemia in pregnancy can lead to complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and maternal fatigue. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the tissues. Therefore, ensuring adequate iron levels helps prevent anemia and supports the health of both the mother and the baby.
Summary:
- A: Correct. Prevents anemia by supporting hemoglobin production.
- B: Incorrect. Fetal growth is influenced by various factors, not just iron.
- C: Incorrect. Premature labor is not directly prevented by iron supplementation.
- D: Incorrect. Postpartum hemorrhage is more related to factors like uterine atony, not iron levels.