Nokea
Which numerator is used in computing the general fertility rate?
- A. Estimated midyear population
- B. Number of registered live births
- C. Number of pregnancies in the year
- D. Number of females of reproductive age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Number of registered live births. The general fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a specific period by the total number of women of reproductive age during that period. This numerator reflects the actual occurrence of live births in the population, making it the most appropriate measure for determining fertility rates accurately.
A: Estimated midyear population is not used as the numerator because it does not directly measure fertility rates.
C: Number of pregnancies in the year includes all pregnancies, not just live births, which would overestimate the fertility rate.
D: Number of females of reproductive age is not used as the numerator as it represents the total population, not the specific group giving birth.
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What is the legal basis of the Primary Health Care approach in the Philippines?
- A. Alma Ata Declaration on PHC
- B. Letter of Instruction No. 949
- C. Presidential Decree No. 147
- D. Presidential Decree No. 996
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Letter of Instruction No. 949. This document issued by the Philippine government in 1979 officially adopted the Primary Health Care (PHC) approach. It outlined the strategies and framework for implementing PHC nationwide. The Alma Ata Declaration on PHC (A) is a global agreement but not the legal basis in the Philippines. Presidential Decree No. 147 (C) and Presidential Decree No. 996 (D) do not specifically address the PHC approach. Therefore, the legal basis for PHC in the Philippines is Letter of Instruction No. 949.
When preparing a primigravida for breastfeeding, which of the following will you do?
- A. Explain that lactation usually begins 1 to 3 days after delivery
- B. Teach her nipple stretching exercises if her nipples are flat or inverted
- C. Advise against washing her nipples excessively before and after each breastfeeding
- D. Inform her that putting the baby to breast can help reduce post-delivery blood loss
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because putting the baby to breast stimulates the release of oxytocin, which helps the uterus contract and reduce post-delivery blood loss. This promotes faster recovery for the mother.
A: Incorrect - Lactation usually begins within 24-48 hours, not 1 to 3 days after delivery.
B: Incorrect - Nipple stretching exercises are not necessary for breastfeeding success and can cause discomfort.
C: Incorrect - Excessive washing of nipples can strip away natural oils and cause dryness or irritation, affecting breastfeeding.
The Sentrong Sigla Movement aims to enhance health service delivery. Which of the following statements is true about this movement?
- A. It is a project jointly led by the Department of Health and local government units
- B. It serves as a means to secure additional funding from local government units
- C. It promotes disease prevention and control as a priority for health centers
- D. Its primary approach involves certifying health centers meeting DOH standards
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the Sentrong Sigla Movement's primary approach is certifying health centers meeting DOH standards. This certification ensures that health centers provide quality services. A is incorrect because the movement is led by DOH only. B is incorrect as it focuses on improving services rather than securing funding. C is incorrect as the movement emphasizes overall health service quality, not just disease prevention. In summary, D is correct as it aligns with the movement's core objective, while the other options do not accurately represent its purpose.
In the Field Health Services and Information System (FHSIS) in the Philippines, the monthly field health service activity report is a form used in which component of the FHSIS?
- A. Tally report
- B. Output report
- C. Target/client list
- D. Individual health record
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tally report. In the FHSIS, the monthly field health service activity report is used to tally and summarize the health services provided within a specific period. It helps track the number of services rendered and monitor performance indicators. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Output report usually presents processed data in a structured format.
C: Target/client list is a list of clients or individuals targeted for specific health services.
D: Individual health record contains detailed health information of a specific individual, not a summary of services provided. In conclusion, the monthly field health service activity report in FHSIS is specifically designed for tallying and summarizing service activities, making option A the correct choice.
In the past year, Barangay A had an average population of 1655. There were 46 babies born in that year, 2 of whom died less than 4 weeks after birth, and 4 stillbirths were recorded. What is the neonatal mortality rate?
- A. 27.8/1000
- B. 43.5/1000
- C. 86.9/1000
- D. 130.4/1000
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The neonatal mortality rate is calculated as the number of neonatal deaths (deaths within the first 28 days of life) divided by the number of live births in a given period, multiplied by 1000. In this case, the number of neonatal deaths is 2 (babies who died less than 4 weeks after birth), and the number of live births is 46 (babies born excluding stillbirths). Therefore, the calculation is (2/46) * 1000 = 43.5/1000. This rate represents the number of neonatal deaths per 1000 live births in Barangay A for that year. Choice B is correct as it accurately represents the neonatal mortality rate based on the information provided. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the calculation using the specific data given.