ATI Nutrition Practice Questions

ATI Nutrition Practice Questions Related

Review ATI Nutrition Practice Questions related questions and content

Which nutrient is most closely associated with the prevention of neural tube defects in a developing fetus for a woman planning to become pregnant?

  • A. Calcium
  • B. Folate
  • C. Vitamin A
  • D. Choline
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is folate. Folate, also known as Vitamin B9, is vital for the prevention of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. It is primarily responsible for the creation and repair of DNA, which is essential during rapid growth stages such as pregnancy. While nutrients like calcium, vitamin A, and choline are important for pregnancy, they are not as directly linked to preventing neural tube defects as folate. Calcium is crucial for the baby's bone and teeth development. Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cellular growth. Choline supports brain development and neural functioning. However, none of these nutrients have the same direct impact on preventing neural tube defects as folate.

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Which of the following statements is false?

  • A. People with a vitamin K deficiency experience increased clotting time
  • B. The major function of vitamin E is promoting vision
  • C. Vitamin D functions as a hormone
  • D. Rich sources of beta-carotene include carrots, sweet potatoes, and butternut squash
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The statement that the major function of vitamin E is promoting vision is incorrect. Vitamin E primarily acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage. Its role is not primarily related to vision, which is a major function of vitamin A. On the other hand, the other options are true. Vitamin K deficiency does indeed lead to increased clotting time, vitamin D functions as a hormone, and carrots, sweet potatoes, and butternut squash are rich sources of beta-carotene.

A breastfeeding mother complains that she missed her son's last two feedings and now her breasts have become full, hard, and uncomfortable. This condition is known as _____.

  • A. mastitis
  • B. engorgement
  • C. letdown
  • D. galactorrhea
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Engorgement occurs when the breasts become overly full, leading to discomfort and sometimes difficulty with latching. It can be relieved by feeding or expressing milk. Mastitis, choice A, is characterized by breast inflammation usually caused by an infection. Letdown, choice C, refers to the release of milk from the breast. Galactorrhea, choice D, is the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast unassociated with childbirth or nursing.

What is the glomerular filtration rate for patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

  • A. Less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m²
  • B. Less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m²
  • C. Less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m²
  • D. Less than 125 mL/min/1.73 m²
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as end-stage renal disease, the kidney function is significantly compromised. This severe condition is characterized by a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 15 mL/min/1.73 m², as correctly stated in choice A. Choices B, C, and D suggest higher GFR values, which are not indicative of stage 5 CKD. Specifically, a GFR of less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m² indicates stage 4 CKD, less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m² signifies stage 3 CKD, and a typical healthy individual usually has a GFR of around 125 mL/min/1.73 m², which is far above the GFR for stage 5 CKD.

Which of the following nutrients deficiency may lead to a diabetes-like condition?

  • A. chromium
  • B. iron
  • C. molybdenum
  • D. selenium
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Chromium is essential for proper glucose metabolism. A deficiency in chromium can result in insulin resistance, which shares similarities with diabetes. Iron, molybdenum, and selenium deficiencies do not directly lead to a diabetes-like condition. Iron deficiency causes anemia, molybdenum deficiency is rare and can lead to specific metabolic issues, and selenium deficiency may result in thyroid problems but not a diabetes-like condition.

A patient on a low-sodium diet should avoid which of the following foods?

  • A. Fresh fruits
  • B. Unsalted nuts
  • C. Canned soup
  • D. Plain rice
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Canned soup is the correct answer. Canned soups are often high in sodium due to added salt and should be avoided on a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruits (Choice A) are typically low in sodium and a good choice for a low-sodium diet. Unsalted nuts (Choice B) are also low in sodium and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Plain rice (Choice D) is a low-sodium food and can be part of a low-sodium diet.

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