Nokea
Which of the ff blood vessel is commonly affected by thrombophlebitis?
- A. Veins deep in the upper extremities
- B. Popliteal vein of the leg
- C. Veins deep in the lower extremities
- D. Veins connected to the heart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thrombophlebitis commonly affects the veins deep in the lower extremities, such as the femoral vein or the iliac vein. This condition involves the formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in a vein, usually due to inflammation or injury to the vein wall. The lower extremities are more prone to thrombophlebitis because of factors like gravity, reduced blood flow in the veins of the legs, and prolonged sitting or immobility which can increase the risk of blood clot formation. Thrombophlebitis in the lower extremities can potentially lead to serious complications, such as pulmonary embolism if a clot breaks loose and travels to the lungs.
You may also like to solve these questions
A 6 months old boy presents with respiratory distress and feeding difficulty. On examination heart rate is 130/min and there is a pansystolic murmur at left lower sternal border. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A. Mitral regurgitation
- B. Mitral valve prolapse
- C. Ventricular septal defect
- D. Coarctation of aorta
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) commonly presents with a pansystolic murmur and symptoms of congestive heart failure in infancy.
A 9mo-old infant develops a left adrenal mass; histological examination with genetic characteristics confirms neuroblastoma. Which of the following carries a better outcome?
- A. amplification of the MYCN (N-myc) proto-oncogene
- B. hyperdiploidy
- C. loss of heterozygosity of 17q chromosome
- D. loss of 1p chromosome
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperdiploidy is associated with a better prognosis in neuroblastoma.
The stump of the umbilical cord usually separates in how many days?
- A. 3
- B. 10 to 14
- C. 16 to 20
- D. 28
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stump of the umbilical cord usually separates from the baby's belly button within 10 to 14 days after birth. During this time, it is important to keep the area clean and dry to prevent infection. Once the stump falls off, a small open wound may be left behind, which should also be kept clean and dry until it completely heals. It is normal for a small amount of blood or discharge to be present during this process, but if there are signs of infection such as redness, swelling, or foul odor, it is important to contact a healthcare provider for further evaluation and treatment.
Which of the following elements shows that the client does not understand the cause of exacerbation of system lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
- A. "I don't have to worry about changing my
- B. "I don't have to worry if I get a strep. throat diet."
- C. I need to work on managing stress in life."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Option B, "I don't have to worry if I get a strep throat," shows that the client does not understand the cause of exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Strep throat can trigger SLE exacerbations as infections are known to worsen autoimmune diseases like lupus. This statement indicates a lack of awareness regarding the potential impact of infections on SLE symptoms. Option A and C show a better understanding as they address the importance of diet and stress management, which are significant factors that can influence the course of SLE.
Maintaining the infusion rate of hyperalimentation solutions is a nursing responsibility. What side effects would you anticipate from too rapid infusion rate?
- A. Cellular dehydration and potassium
- B. Hypoglycemia and hypovolemia
- C. Potassium excess and CHF
- D. Circulatory overload and hypoglycemia SITUATION: In the recall of the fluids and electrolytes, the nurse should be able to understand the calculations and other conditions related to loss or retention.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Too rapid infusion of hyperalimentation solutions can lead to circulatory overload due to the rapid volume expansion, which can strain the heart and lead to fluid overload. This can manifest as symptoms such as shortness of breath, crackles in the lungs, and edema. Additionally, a rapid infusion rate can cause a sudden surge in glucose levels, potentially leading to hypoglycemia due to increased insulin release in response to the elevated glucose levels. It is important for the nurse to maintain a careful and appropriate infusion rate to prevent these complications and ensure patient safety.