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Which of the ff information should the nurse provide to clients who are prescribed rifampin?
- A. Take medication with meals
- B. Inform that contact lenses, if worn, may
- C. Avoid wearing glasses become colored
- D. Avoid tuna, aged cheese, and red wine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rifampin is a medication known to cause harmless discoloration of bodily fluids, including tears and sweat. This discoloration can also affect contact lenses if worn by the individual taking rifampin. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to inform clients who are prescribed rifampin about this potential side effect to prevent any concerns or misunderstandings. It is advisable for clients to use glasses instead of contact lenses while taking rifampin to avoid this discoloration.
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The most common symptom of JRA that causes a patient to seek medical attention is:
- A. joint swelling.
- B. limited movement.
- C. fatigue.
- D. pain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most common symptom of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA) that causes a patient to seek medical attention is pain. Joint pain is a hallmark symptom of JRA and can range from mild discomfort to severe pain. This pain can be persistent or intermittent, and it often worsens with movement or activity. Pain is a significant factor that leads patients to seek medical evaluation in order to diagnose and manage their condition. While joint swelling, limited movement, and fatigue are also common symptoms of JRA, pain is typically the primary reason patients seek medical attention.
Which is an important nursing consideration in preventing the complications of congenital hypothyroidism (CH)?
- A. Assess for family history of CH.
- B. Assess mother for signs of hypothyroidism.
- C. Be certain appropriate screening is done prenatally.
- D. Be certain appropriate screening is done on newborn.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial in preventing the complications of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). All newborns should undergo newborn screening tests, including a test for CH. This screening helps to identify infants with CH early on, allowing for timely interventions such as thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Failure to conduct appropriate screening on newborns can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, which can result in significant developmental delays and other complications associated with CH. Therefore, ensuring that appropriate screening is done on newborns is a key nursing consideration in preventing the complications of congenital hypothyroidism.
A 2-month-old is diagnosed with hip dysplasia. The parent asks you how long will the child be in the hip Spica Cast. How should you respond?
- A. Not longer than 4 months.
- B. The child will be placed in a Pavlik Harness for 3 to 5 months.
- C. Following the osteotomy, the child remains in a cast for 5 months.
- D. Between 2 and 4 months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hip dysplasia in infants is often managed initially with a Pavlik Harness, which helps maintain the hips in the correct position for optimum development. The Pavlik Harness is typically worn for a period of 3 to 5 months, depending on the severity of the hip dysplasia and the response to treatment. If the dysplasia is more severe or does not respond well to the Pavlik Harness, further interventions such as hip spica casting or surgery may be required, but the initial treatment is usually with the Pavlik Harness.
What instruction should the nurse give to then patient taking propan0lol (Inderal) for hypertension?
- A. Have potassium level checked
- B. Do not stop medication abruptly
- C. Report any changes in appetite
- D. Resume usual daily activities
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the patient taking propranolol (Inderal) for hypertension to not stop the medication abruptly. Suddenly stopping propranolol can lead to rebound hypertension and potentially dangerous side effects. It is important for the patient to gradually taper off the medication under the guidance of a healthcare provider to avoid complications. Therefore, advising the patient not to stop the medication abruptly is a crucial instruction to ensure their safety and well-being.
A patient was diagnosed with hiatal hernia. She frequently has regurgitation and a sour taste on his mouth especially after eating large meals. Which action by the client shows understanding of her treatment regimen?
- A. elevate her legs when she is sleeping
- B. drink more fluids with her meals
- C. increase the roughage in her diet
- D. avoid caffeine, alcohol, and chocolate
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hiatal hernia is a condition where a part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm muscle. Symptoms often include regurgitation of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to heartburn and a sour taste in the mouth. Avoiding triggers like caffeine, alcohol, and chocolate can help reduce acid reflux and alleviate symptoms. These substances can relax the lower esophageal sphincter and increase stomach acid production, worsening symptoms in patients with hiatal hernia. Therefore, avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and chocolate is a key aspect of managing hiatal hernia symptoms effectively. The other options provided do not directly address the underlying cause of the symptoms experienced by the patient with hiatal hernia.