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Which of the following actions would most likely be performed by a public health nurse?
- A. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen
- B. Assessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions
- C. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine needed health
- D. Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because public health nurses collaborate with community leaders to understand community needs and preferences. They rely on community input for effective interventions. Option B is incorrect because assessing and deciding interventions should involve a multidisciplinary team, not a sole decision by the nurse. Option C is incorrect as it focuses on institutional data rather than community input. Option D is incorrect because creating policies is typically a collaborative effort involving various stakeholders.
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The nurse labels a patient an alcoholic because of his or her ethnicity. Which of the following best describes this action by the nurse?
- A. Stereotyping
- B. Prejudice
- C. Racism
- D. Ethnocentrism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stereotyping. Stereotyping is the act of categorizing individuals based on certain characteristics or traits, such as ethnicity, without considering individual differences. In this case, the nurse is assuming the patient is an alcoholic solely based on their ethnicity, which is a form of stereotyping. Prejudice (B) involves holding negative attitudes or beliefs about a particular group, which is not explicitly stated in the scenario. Racism (C) involves discrimination or prejudice based on race, not necessarily ethnicity. Ethnocentrism (D) is the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group, which is not directly applicable in this situation.
Which of the following actions best represents public health nursing?
- A. Assessing the effectiveness of the large high school health clinic
- B. Caring for clients in their home following their outpatient surgeries
- C. Providing care to children and their families at the school clinic
- D. Administering follow-up care for pediatric clients at an outpatient clinic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the effectiveness of the large high school health clinic aligns with the core principles of public health nursing. This action involves evaluating the impact of healthcare services on a population, addressing public health needs, and promoting health at a community level. Option B focuses on individual client care post-surgery, which is more aligned with home health nursing. Option C involves providing care at a school clinic, which is more focused on primary care nursing. Option D involves administering follow-up care for pediatric clients at an outpatient clinic, which is more related to pediatric nursing. Therefore, option A is the best representation of public health nursing as it involves a broader perspective on population health and healthcare services.
What action can a nurse take to reduce biases in nurse-client interactions?
- A. Providing care based on past encounters with individuals of the same background
- B. Explaining the nurse's values and beliefs to the client
- C. Reflecting on how their background influences their perception of others
- D. Limiting interactions with individuals from certain social identity groups
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because reflecting on how their background influences their perception of others helps nurses become aware of their biases and work towards reducing them. This self-awareness enables nurses to provide unbiased care and build better relationships with clients. Choice A is incorrect as it promotes stereotyping based on past encounters. Choice B is not effective as imposing the nurse's values may not align with the client's beliefs. Choice D is discriminatory and limits the nurse's ability to provide holistic care.
Which is the best action for the nurse to take when communicating with a client who speaks a language the nurse does not understand?
- A. Arrange for a medical interpreter.
- B. Ask a family member to translat
- D. Ask a clerical staff member who speaks the language to translat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arrange for a medical interpreter. This is the best action because using a professional interpreter ensures accurate communication, maintains confidentiality, and avoids misunderstandings. Family members or clerical staff may not have the necessary medical terminology skills or impartiality. It is essential to prioritize effective communication for safe and quality care.
Which of the following actions by Florence Nightingale demonstrates her role as an epidemiologist?
- A. She convinced other women to join her in giving nursing care to all the soldiers.
- B. She demonstrated that a safer environment resulted in decreased mortality rate.
- C. She obtained safe water and better food supplies and fought the lice and rats.
- D. She met with each soldier each evening to say goodnight, thereby giving psychological support.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Florence Nightingale's action of convincing other women to join her in providing nursing care to soldiers demonstrates her role as an epidemiologist. Epidemiologists study patterns and causes of diseases in populations, and Nightingale recognized the importance of improving healthcare practices on a larger scale by mobilizing a group to address the health needs of a population. This action aligns with the core principles of epidemiology in identifying and addressing health issues at a community level.
Choice B is incorrect because demonstrating a safer environment resulting in decreased mortality rate pertains more to public health rather than epidemiology. Choice C is incorrect as obtaining safe water, better food supplies, and fighting lice and rats are related to public health and sanitation rather than epidemiology. Choice D is incorrect as providing psychological support to soldiers is a compassionate nursing action, but it does not specifically demonstrate epidemiological principles.