Nokea
Which of the following activity-related strategies would a nurse teach a client who is going home?
- A. Avoid fatigue and take frequent rest periods if needed
- B. Take deep breaths every 4 hours while awake
- C. Make your daily routine rigid so that you can remember what to do
- D. Avoid exposure to the outdoors
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rest periods help prevent exacerbation of symptoms.
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Immediately after an action potential is propagated, which one of the following ions rapidly diffuses out of the cell into the tissue fluid:
- A. sodium
- B. chloride
- C. calcium
- D. potassium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: After an action potential, potassium ions rapidly diffuse out of the cell to restore the resting membrane potential. Sodium ions enter the cell during depolarization, while chloride, calcium, and magnesium ions play different roles in cellular processes. Thus, D is the correct answer.
A 65-year-old patient with PD is experiencing moderate dyskinesias that are bothersome. The patient is on carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg two tablets at 7 AM and one tablet at 11 AM, 2 PM, 5 PM, 8 PM, and 11 PM. Which of the following is most appropriate:
- A. Add amantadine.
- B. Add entacapone.
- C. Add rasagiline.
- D. Add pramipexole.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amantadine is effective in reducing dyskinesias in PD patients by modulating glutamate activity in the brain.
A new patient arrived in a physician's unit. He or she has been diagnosed with a brain tumor. The physician is told that the patient is unable to speak. Based on this sign, where is the tumor located?
- A. Frontal lobe.
- B. Occipital lobe.
- C. Cerebellum.
- D. Parietal lobe.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The frontal lobe controls speech and language functions.
What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
- A. endocrine and exocrine
- B. upper and lower
- C. sympathetic and parasympathetic
- D. central and peripheral
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary bodily functions and is divided into the sympathetic nervous system, which activates the 'fight or flight' response, and the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes 'rest and digest' activities. These two branches work in opposition to maintain homeostasis.
In providing care for the patient, what is most important for the nurse to do?
- A. Teach the family members how to care adequately for the patient's needs.
- B. Encourage the patient to maintain social interactions to prevent social isolation.
- C. Promote the use of assistive devices so the patient can participate in self-care activities.
- D. Perform all activities of daily living (ADLs) for the patient to conserve the patient's energy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Promoting independence through assistive devices is key to maintaining quality of life