Nokea
Which of the following adverse reactions may occur when a client is taking danazol (Danocrine) for fibrocystic breast disease?
- A. Nausea
- B. Confusion
- C. Amenorrhea
- D. Hypotension
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amenorrhea is a known side effect of danazol.
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The crackling sound that is produced from bones rubbing against each other is termed as
- A. Rales
- B. Crepitations
- C. Crackles
- D. Vibration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Crepitations. Crepitations refer to the crackling sound produced by bones rubbing against each other. Rales (A) are abnormal lung sounds, Crackles (C) are fine crackling sounds heard in the lungs, and Vibration (D) is not a term related to bone sounds. Therefore, B is the correct choice as it specifically describes the bone-related sound mentioned in the question.
One function of the placenta in a human is to
- A. surround the embryo and protect it from shock
- B. allow for mixing of maternal blood with fetal blood
- C. act as the heart of the fetus, pumping blood until the fetus is born
- D. permit passage of nutrients and oxygen from the mother to the fetus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the placenta serves as a barrier between the maternal and fetal bloodstreams, allowing for the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products. This is crucial for the fetus's growth and development. Choice A is incorrect because the placenta does not physically surround the embryo. Choice B is incorrect as maternal and fetal blood do not mix due to the placental barrier. Choice C is incorrect as the heart of the fetus pumps blood, not the placenta.
Corpus luteum;
- A. is generated as a result of ovulation;
- B. secretes estrogens;
- C. secrets progesterone;
- D. secrets low amounts of testosterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The corpus luteum is formed from the ruptured follicle after ovulation. It secretes progesterone, which is crucial for preparing the uterus for implantation and maintaining early pregnancy. Progesterone helps thicken the uterine lining and supports embryo development. Estrogens are mainly produced by the ovaries, not the corpus luteum. Testosterone is primarily produced by the adrenal glands and testes, not the corpus luteum. Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately describes the main hormone secreted by the corpus luteum.
The fleshy outer part of the female reproductive system where the opening to the vagina is located:
- A. Uterus
- B. Ovary
- C. Vulva
- D. vaginitis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Vulva. The vulva is the fleshy outer part of the female reproductive system that includes the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vaginal opening, and urethral opening. It is where the opening to the vagina is located. The uterus (A) is a hollow, muscular organ where the fetus develops during pregnancy. The ovary (B) is the female reproductive organ that produces eggs and hormones. Vaginitis (D) is inflammation or infection of the vagina, not the outer part of the reproductive system. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it accurately describes the external female genitalia where the vaginal opening is situated.
Which of the following is a steroid?
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. estrogen
- D. GnRH
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: estrogen. Estrogen is a type of steroid hormone derived from cholesterol. Steroids are a specific group of lipids characterized by a particular molecular structure. Estrogen plays a vital role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system.
Choice A, FSH, and choice B, LH, are both peptide hormones, not steroids. Peptide hormones are made up of amino acids and are not derived from cholesterol.
Choice D, GnRH, is also a peptide hormone that regulates the release of other hormones in the body, particularly in the reproductive system.
In summary, estrogen is the only steroid hormone among the options provided, making it the correct choice.