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Which of the following assessment findings would be most suggestive of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
- A. Bilateral calf tenderness after walking up a flight of stairs
- B. Swelling in one leg with pitting edema
- C. Shortness of breath after activity
- D. Two plus palpable pulses
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because swelling in one leg with pitting edema is a classic sign of DVT. Pitting edema suggests fluid accumulation due to compromised venous circulation, which is common in DVT. Bilateral calf tenderness (choice A) is more indicative of muscle strain. Shortness of breath (choice C) is suggestive of a pulmonary embolism, a complication of DVT. Two plus palpable pulses (choice D) indicate good arterial circulation, not DVT.
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The nurse is assessing an older adult from a different culture using the explanatory model. Which question(s) should the nurse ask? (Select all that apply.)
- A. How can we negotiate to solve the problem?
- B. What treatment can improve your condition?
- C. Should we try my plan first to see if it helps?
- D. How long have you experienced the problem?
Correct Answer: B, E, F
Rationale: The correct answers are B, E, and F. B is correct because understanding what treatment can improve the condition is essential for culturally sensitive care. E is correct as it helps understand the patient's beliefs about the cause of the illness. F is correct to assess the impact of the illness on the patient's life. A is incorrect as it focuses more on negotiation rather than understanding the patient's perspective. C is incorrect as it assumes the nurse's plan is superior without considering the patient's beliefs. D is incorrect as it only focuses on the duration of the problem rather than the patient's explanatory model.
Which of the following statements describing dental care for the elderly population is incorrect?
- A. Losing one's teeth is considered a normal part of the aging process.
- B. Clients who are edentulous continue to need to see dentists for regular checkups.
- C. Regular dental examinations can prevent tooth loss and correct bite misalignments, thus improving the elderly client's ability to chew healthful foods.
- D. The incidence of oral malignancies increases as a person ages. Therefore, regular oral exams are important to the health of the older adult.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because losing one's teeth is not a normal part of the aging process. Teeth loss is primarily due to poor oral hygiene, dental diseases, and other factors, not solely aging.
Step 1: Aging itself does not directly cause tooth loss.
Step 2: Proper oral care and regular dental checkups can prevent tooth loss.
Step 3: Edentulous clients still need dental checkups for oral health.
Step 4: Regular dental exams can prevent tooth loss and improve chewing ability.
Step 5: The incidence of oral malignancies does increase with age, emphasizing the importance of regular oral exams.
Incorrect answers:
B: Clients who are edentulous need dental checkups for oral health.
C: Regular exams can prevent tooth loss and improve chewing ability.
D: Oral malignancies increase with age, highlighting the importance of regular oral exams.
Overall, maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental visits are crucial for elderly individuals' oral health, preventing tooth
In geriatric nursing, which factor is most important in determining the effectiveness of rehabilitation after a stroke?
- A. Age of the patient
- B. Family support and involvement
- C. Number of medications prescribed
- D. Patient’s previous health conditions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Family support and involvement. This is crucial in determining the effectiveness of rehabilitation after a stroke because a supportive and involved family can provide emotional support, encouragement, and assistance with activities of daily living. This positively impacts the patient's motivation, compliance with treatment, and overall well-being, leading to better rehabilitation outcomes.
A: Age of the patient - While age can be a factor in stroke recovery, it is not the most important factor as older patients can still make significant progress with proper rehabilitation and support.
C: Number of medications prescribed - While medication management is important in stroke recovery, it is not the most crucial factor for rehabilitation effectiveness.
D: Patient’s previous health conditions - While previous health conditions can impact stroke recovery, the level of family support and involvement plays a more significant role in determining the effectiveness of rehabilitation after a stroke.
The nurse is teaching an older client about measures to prevent constipation. What statement made by the client indicates further teaching is needed?
- A. "I'll walk 1-2 miles everyday"
- B. "I need to decrease fiber in my diet"
- C. "I have a bowel movement everyday"
- D. "I drink 6-8 glasses of water everyday"
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because decreasing fiber in the diet can actually worsen constipation. Fiber helps promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk to the stool. Walking and staying hydrated (choices A and D) are effective strategies to prevent constipation. Having a daily bowel movement (choice C) is a positive sign of bowel health. By choosing to decrease fiber intake, the client may inadvertently reduce the effectiveness of their bowel movements, leading to constipation.
What is the primary goal of the Program for All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)?
- A. To provide intensive medical treatment for seniors
- B. To ensure nursing home placement for frail seniors
- C. To offer holistic care that allows older adults to live in the community
- D. To reduce healthcare costs for elderly populations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To offer holistic care that allows older adults to live in the community. PACE aims to provide comprehensive and coordinated care to help seniors remain independent in their homes and communities. This includes medical, social, and behavioral services. Choice A is incorrect as PACE focuses on holistic care rather than just intensive medical treatment. Choice B is incorrect as PACE aims to prevent nursing home placement by supporting older adults to live at home. Choice D is incorrect as while PACE may help reduce healthcare costs through preventive and coordinated care, the primary goal is to support seniors in living in the community.