Nokea
Which of the following best describes the concept of evidence-based practice (EBP)?
- A. Clinical expertise as the primary basis for decision making
- B. Research findings as the sole basis for decision making
- C. Combining clinical expertise with the best available research evidence
- D. Following institutional guidelines for patient care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because evidence-based practice (EBP) involves integrating clinical expertise with the best available research evidence and considering patient preferences. This approach ensures that decisions are informed by both the clinician's experience and the most current and relevant research findings, leading to the most effective and individualized patient care. Choice A is incorrect as it solely relies on clinical expertise without considering research evidence. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests solely relying on research findings, neglecting the importance of clinical judgment. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on following institutional guidelines rather than on the integration of clinical expertise and research evidence.
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The nurse is interviewing a new patient with diabetes who receives rosiglitazone (Avandia)
through a restricted access medication program. What is most important for the nurse to report
immediately to the health care provider?
- A. The patient's blood pressure is 154/92.
- B. The patient has a history of emphysema
- C. The patient's blood glucose is 86 mg/dL.
- D. The patient has chest pressure when walking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The patient has chest pressure when walking. This symptom could indicate cardiac issues, a known side effect of rosiglitazone. Reporting this immediately is crucial to prevent potential serious complications.
A: The patient's blood pressure is 154/92. While high, it is not an immediate concern unless accompanied by other symptoms.
B: The patient has a history of emphysema. Relevant but not urgent in this scenario.
C: The patient's blood glucose is 86 mg/dL. Within the normal range and not a priority compared to chest pressure.
In summary, choice D is correct as it addresses a potentially severe side effect of the medication that requires immediate attention. Choices A, B, and C are not as urgent or directly related to the medication's side effects.
What is the primary objective of healthcare accreditation programs?
- A. To increase financial profitability
- B. To ensure patient safety and quality care
- C. To streamline healthcare operations
- D. To reduce hospital readmissions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To ensure patient safety and quality care. Healthcare accreditation programs aim to establish and maintain standards for healthcare facilities to ensure that patients receive safe and high-quality care. This objective prioritizes patient well-being and satisfaction over financial gain (A), operational efficiency (C), or reducing readmissions (D). Patient safety and quality care are fundamental principles in healthcare accreditation to enhance overall healthcare outcomes and patient experience.
What is the primary role of the nurse manager in risk management?
- A. Ensure compliance with regulations
- B. Report incidents to higher authorities
- C. Minimize risks to patients and staff
- D. Educate staff about safe practices
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary role of the nurse manager in risk management is to minimize risks to patients and staff. This involves identifying potential risks, implementing strategies to prevent harm, and ensuring a safe environment. By minimizing risks, the nurse manager promotes patient safety and staff well-being.
A: Ensuring compliance with regulations is important but not the primary role of the nurse manager in risk management.
B: Reporting incidents to higher authorities is a part of risk management, but not the primary role of the nurse manager.
D: Educating staff about safe practices is crucial in risk management, but the primary role of the nurse manager is to minimize risks directly.
When a policy violation occurs, what are the necessary steps for the nurse manager? (EXCEPT)
- A. Describing the staff nurse's behavior that violated the policy
- B. Terminating the staff immediately
- C. Confrontation
- D. Determining the employee's awareness of the policy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer (B): Terminating the staff immediately
Rationale: Terminating the staff immediately is not the necessary step when a policy violation occurs. It is essential to follow due process, investigate the situation, provide the staff with the opportunity to explain themselves, and consider factors like intent, past behavior, and potential training needs. Rushing to terminate without proper investigation or understanding can lead to legal issues and unfair treatment.
Summary:
A: Describing the staff nurse's behavior - Important to clearly communicate the violation for transparency and understanding.
C: Confrontation - Addressing the issue directly and professionally is crucial for resolving conflicts.
D: Determining the employee's awareness - Assessing the employee's understanding of the policy helps identify training needs and prevent future violations.
What is the main purpose of a utilization review?
- A. Evaluate patient outcomes
- B. Ensure compliance with regulations
- C. Reduce hospital readmissions
- D. Assess financial impact
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The main purpose of a utilization review is to evaluate patient outcomes. This process involves assessing the appropriateness, necessity, and quality of healthcare services provided to patients. By evaluating patient outcomes, healthcare providers can ensure that patients receive effective and efficient care, leading to better health outcomes.
Choice B (Ensure compliance with regulations) is incorrect because while utilization review may involve ensuring compliance with regulations, it is not the primary purpose of the process.
Choice C (Reduce hospital readmissions) is incorrect as reducing hospital readmissions is a specific goal within healthcare quality improvement initiatives, but it is not the main purpose of utilization review.
Choice D (Assess financial impact) is incorrect as while financial considerations may play a role in utilization review, the primary focus is on evaluating patient outcomes rather than financial implications.