Nokea
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy?
- A. Administering vaccinations
- B. Performing a surgical procedure
- C. Teaching healthy lifestyle choices
- D. Prescribing medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, administering vaccinations, because primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease or injury before it occurs. Vaccinations protect individuals from getting infected by certain diseases, thus directly preventing the onset of the disease. This strategy targets the root cause of the problem, which aligns with the goal of primary prevention.
B: Performing a surgical procedure is a treatment intervention, not a prevention strategy.
C: Teaching healthy lifestyle choices is a health promotion strategy, not solely focused on preventing diseases.
D: Prescribing medication is a treatment intervention and not aimed at preventing the initial occurrence of a disease.
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The complexities of the current health care delivery systems require a variety of leadership styles. Which of the following is one that has emerged in response to these changes?
- A. Quantum
- B. Servant
- C. Autocratic
- D. Democratic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quantum. Quantum leadership style emphasizes adaptability, innovation, and collaboration, which are essential in navigating the complexities of modern healthcare systems. This style encourages leaders to be flexible, open to change, and able to think holistically.
Servant leadership (B) focuses on serving others and may not provide the agility needed to address the rapidly evolving healthcare landscape. Autocratic leadership (C) is authoritative and may not foster the necessary collaboration and empowerment required in modern healthcare settings. Democratic leadership (D) involves shared decision-making but might not be as transformative and adaptable as quantum leadership in response to the complexities of healthcare delivery systems.
Who is the best person to describe the job to an applicant?
- A. Previous employee
- B. Human resource manager
- C. Nursing manager
- D. Chief operating officer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the nursing manager. A nursing manager is directly involved in overseeing the job duties and requirements, making them the best person to provide an accurate description to an applicant. They have detailed knowledge of the role and can provide insights on what the job entails. A previous employee may offer subjective views, while a human resource manager may not have a deep understanding of the specific job duties. The chief operating officer may not have direct knowledge of the day-to-day responsibilities of the position. Therefore, the nursing manager is the most suitable choice for describing the job accurately to an applicant.
When using an open irrigation technique to irrigate a client's indwelling urinary catheter, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Position the client in a side-lying position.
- B. Perform the irrigation using a 20-mL syringe.
- C. Instill 15 mL of irrigation fluid into the catheter with each flush.
- D. Measure and record the amount of irrigant used.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform the irrigation using a 20-mL syringe. This is the correct action because using a 20-mL syringe allows for precise and controlled instillation of the irrigation fluid into the catheter. Using a smaller syringe helps prevent excessive pressure within the catheter, reducing the risk of trauma or damage to the client's urinary system.
A: Positioning the client in a side-lying position is not essential for open irrigation technique, as long as the client is comfortable and the procedure can be safely performed.
C: Instilling 15 mL of irrigation fluid with each flush may not be appropriate as the volume needed may vary based on the client's condition.
D: Although measuring and recording the amount of irrigant used is important for documentation purposes, it is not the immediate action to ensure the safe and effective irrigation of the catheter.
After a violent incident, staff needs to discuss what occurred. Several actions need to be taken following the incident:
- A. Debrief the staff and complete incident reports and verify that all staff are safe
- B. Reassure the violent patient that hurting staff when ill is not cause for concern
- C. Avoid any interactions
- D. Standing close to the patient while talking
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it ensures the safety and well-being of staff by debriefing them, completing incident reports, and verifying their safety. This action promotes communication, support, and documentation after a violent incident. Reassuring the patient (B) is important but not the immediate priority. Avoiding interactions (C) is counterproductive as addressing the incident is necessary. Standing close to the patient (D) can potentially escalate the situation and compromise safety.
Which of the following theories explains that organizations are made up of intertwined links and diversified choices that generate unanticipated consequences?
- A. Contingency theory
- B. Closed system theory
- C. Open system theory
- D. Chaos theory
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chaos theory. This theory explains that organizations are complex systems with interconnected elements that can lead to unpredictable outcomes. Chaos theory emphasizes the nonlinear dynamics and sensitivity to initial conditions within organizations.
A: Contingency theory focuses on the idea that there is no one best way to organize. It does not specifically address the generation of unanticipated consequences.
B: Closed system theory assumes organizations are isolated and self-sufficient, which does not align with the idea of generating unanticipated consequences.
C: Open system theory emphasizes how organizations interact with their environment, but it does not directly address the generation of unanticipated consequences within the organization.