Nokea
What is the main purpose of a utilization review?
- A. Evaluate patient outcomes
- B. Ensure compliance with regulations
- C. Reduce hospital readmissions
- D. Assess financial impact
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The main purpose of a utilization review is to evaluate patient outcomes. This process involves assessing the appropriateness, necessity, and quality of healthcare services provided to patients. By evaluating patient outcomes, healthcare providers can ensure that patients receive effective and efficient care, leading to better health outcomes.
Choice B (Ensure compliance with regulations) is incorrect because while utilization review may involve ensuring compliance with regulations, it is not the primary purpose of the process.
Choice C (Reduce hospital readmissions) is incorrect as reducing hospital readmissions is a specific goal within healthcare quality improvement initiatives, but it is not the main purpose of utilization review.
Choice D (Assess financial impact) is incorrect as while financial considerations may play a role in utilization review, the primary focus is on evaluating patient outcomes rather than financial implications.
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The complexities of the current health care delivery systems require a variety of leadership styles. Which of the following is one that has emerged in response to these changes?
- A. Quantum
- B. Servant
- C. Autocratic
- D. Democratic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quantum. Quantum leadership style emphasizes adaptability, innovation, and collaboration, which are essential in navigating the complexities of modern healthcare systems. This style encourages leaders to be flexible, open to change, and able to think holistically.
Servant leadership (B) focuses on serving others and may not provide the agility needed to address the rapidly evolving healthcare landscape. Autocratic leadership (C) is authoritative and may not foster the necessary collaboration and empowerment required in modern healthcare settings. Democratic leadership (D) involves shared decision-making but might not be as transformative and adaptable as quantum leadership in response to the complexities of healthcare delivery systems.
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy?
- A. Administering vaccinations
- B. Performing a surgical procedure
- C. Teaching healthy lifestyle choices
- D. Prescribing medication
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, administering vaccinations, because primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease or injury before it occurs. Vaccinations protect individuals from getting infected by certain diseases, thus directly preventing the onset of the disease. This strategy targets the root cause of the problem, which aligns with the goal of primary prevention.
B: Performing a surgical procedure is a treatment intervention, not a prevention strategy.
C: Teaching healthy lifestyle choices is a health promotion strategy, not solely focused on preventing diseases.
D: Prescribing medication is a treatment intervention and not aimed at preventing the initial occurrence of a disease.
One way to determine staffing needs is to classify clients according to nursing care required. Another name for this is a(n) __________.
- A. self-scheduling
- B. supplementing staff system
- C. patient classification system (PCS)
- D. acuity system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, acuity system. This system classifies clients based on the intensity of nursing care required. It helps determine staffing needs by matching the level of care needed with appropriate staffing levels. This method ensures that the right number and type of staff are available to meet patient needs efficiently. Choice A, self-scheduling, is about allowing staff to choose their own work schedules. Choice B, supplementing staff system, refers to adding additional staff when needed, not classifying clients. Choice C, patient classification system (PCS), is a general term and does not specifically focus on nursing care intensity like the acuity system does.
When considering virtue ethics, which of the following is true?
- A. Virtue ethics attributes behaviors to moral rules.
- B. Virtue ethics attributes behaviors to knowledge of consequences.
- C. Virtue ethics focuses on moral character, rather than rules for behavior.
- D. Virtue ethics is a formal statement of rules for behavior.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because virtue ethics primarily focuses on developing moral character and virtues in individuals rather than following specific rules for behavior. This approach emphasizes the importance of cultivating virtuous traits such as honesty, courage, and kindness to guide ethical decision-making. By emphasizing moral character over rules, virtue ethics promotes the idea that individuals should strive to embody virtuous qualities to lead a good and ethical life.
Choice A is incorrect because virtue ethics does not rely on rigid moral rules but rather on cultivating virtues.
Choice B is incorrect because virtue ethics does not prioritize knowledge of consequences in decision-making.
Choice D is incorrect because virtue ethics does not provide a formal set of rules for behavior, but rather emphasizes the development of virtuous character.
Which of the following best describes the concept of evidence-based practice (EBP)?
- A. Clinical expertise as the primary basis for decision making
- B. Research findings as the sole basis for decision making
- C. Combining clinical expertise with the best available research evidence
- D. Following institutional guidelines for patient care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because evidence-based practice (EBP) involves integrating clinical expertise with the best available research evidence and considering patient preferences. This approach ensures that decisions are informed by both the clinician's experience and the most current and relevant research findings, leading to the most effective and individualized patient care. Choice A is incorrect as it solely relies on clinical expertise without considering research evidence. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests solely relying on research findings, neglecting the importance of clinical judgment. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses on following institutional guidelines rather than on the integration of clinical expertise and research evidence.