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What is the primary focus of health promotion activities?
- A. To manage chronic diseases
- B. To educate patients about their health
- C. To prevent the onset of disease
- D. To identify and treat diseases early
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: To prevent the onset of disease. Health promotion activities aim to prevent illnesses before they occur by promoting healthy behaviors and lifestyles. This is a proactive approach that focuses on preventing diseases rather than managing or treating them after they have developed. Choice A focuses on managing existing conditions, choice B emphasizes educating patients after the fact, and choice D focuses on early detection and treatment rather than prevention. Preventing disease through health promotion is the most effective and cost-efficient approach to improving overall health outcomes.
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Which of the following best describes the concept of cultural humility in nursing?
- A. A fixed set of cultural competencies
- B. Recognizing and addressing power imbalances
- C. Adapting care to fit different cultural contexts
- D. Learning from patients and adapting to their needs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because cultural humility in nursing emphasizes continuous learning from patients and adapting care based on their individual needs. This approach values patient input and focuses on building mutual respect and trust. Choice A is incorrect because cultural humility is not about a fixed set of competencies but rather an ongoing process. Choice B is incorrect as it only addresses one aspect of cultural humility related to power dynamics. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on adapting care to fit different cultural contexts rather than individual patient needs. In summary, cultural humility in nursing involves actively listening, learning, and adapting to meet the unique needs of each patient.
What are the key elements essential to the implementation of case management? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Collaborative practice teams
- B. Established critical pathways
- C. Quality management system
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because all the elements mentioned - collaborative practice teams, established critical pathways, and quality management system - are essential for effective case management. Collaborative practice teams ensure comprehensive care, critical pathways provide a structured approach to care delivery, and a quality management system ensures high standards of care. Each element plays a crucial role in the successful implementation of case management by promoting coordination, efficiency, and quality assurance. Therefore, selecting all of the above options is necessary to cover all key aspects of effective case management.
Politics is a means for influencing events and the decisions of others. The nurse manager who consistently reminds the staff that 'there is no I in team' and periodically brings treats for the staff is using:
- A. Image enhancement
- B. Political skills
- C. Reward power
- D. Expert power
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Political skills. The nurse manager is using political skills by emphasizing teamwork and building relationships through treats to influence the staff. This demonstrates an understanding of social dynamics and power structures within the team. Image enhancement (A) focuses on improving one's personal or professional reputation, not team dynamics. Reward power (C) involves using rewards or incentives to influence behavior, which is not the case here. Expert power (D) is based on knowledge and expertise, but the scenario does not indicate that the nurse manager is leveraging expertise to influence the team.
You believe that you are working harder than other nurses and that you take care of patients that are more complex. You are angry that other staff nurses have less complex and lower acuity patients, but you __________ .
- A. Avoid discussing the situation because you do not want to be perceived as a complainer.
- B. Know that you need to discuss the inequity with the nurse manager because you are resenting the work and becoming more dissatisfied in your job
- C. A & B
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. This is because both options A and B are valid courses of action in this scenario. Option A suggests avoiding discussing the situation to prevent being seen as a complainer, which can be a mature approach to handle the situation diplomatically. Option B emphasizes the importance of addressing the inequity with the nurse manager to prevent increasing dissatisfaction with the job. By choosing option C, you can combine the benefits of both approaches, addressing the issue with the nurse manager while also maintaining professionalism and avoiding unnecessary conflict with colleagues.
Behavioral leadership theory recognizes three styles of leadership. Which of the following best describes democratic leadership?
- A. The democratic leader communicates meaning and purpose.
- B. The democratic leader gives orders and makes decisions for the group.
- C. The democratic leader does little planning or decision making.
- D. The democratic leader makes plans and decisions with the team.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Democratic leadership involves collaboration and shared decision-making.
2. Option D aligns with this as it states that the leader makes plans and decisions with the team.
3. This style empowers team members and fosters a sense of ownership and commitment.
4. Option A is incorrect as communication of meaning and purpose is not exclusive to democratic leadership.
5. Option B is incorrect as giving orders contradicts the collaborative nature of democratic leadership.
6. Option C is incorrect as doing little planning or decision-making goes against the essence of democratic leadership.