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Which of the following best summarizes the evaluating step of the nursing process?
- A. The nurse completes a health assessment to establish a database.
- B. The patient and family have met healthcare goals and no longer need care.
- C. The nurse and patient identify nursing diagnoses and appropriate interventions.
- D. The nurse and patient measure achievement of planned outcomes of care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evaluation in the nursing process involves assessing whether the planned outcomes of care have been achieved, making option D the best summary.
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Which of the following is a descriptor that helps to define the term criteria?
- A. immeasurable qualities
- B. established by authority
- C. acceptable level of performance
- D. evidence-based practice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Criteria are measurable standards, such as an acceptable level of performance, used to evaluate outcomes.
Why are quality-assurance programs important in nursing?
- A. They enable nursing to be accountable for the quality of care.
- B. They facilitate increased enrollment in educational programs.
- C. They specify how resources are used or not used.
- D. They allow increased retention of qualified nurses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Quality-assurance programs ensure accountability for care quality, a core nursing responsibility.
A nurse working in a hospital setting discovers problems with the delivery of nursing care on the pediatric unit. Which of the following suggestions from the Institute of Medicines Committee on Quality of Health Care in America (Kohn, Corrigan, & Donaldson, 2000) could help redesign and improve care? Select all that apply.
- A. Base care on continuous healing relationships.
- B. Customize care based on available resources.
- C. Keep the nurse as the source of control.
- D. Share knowledge and allow for free flow of information
- E. Practice evidence-based decision making
- F. Emphasize safety as a system property.
Correct Answer: A,D,E,F
Rationale: The Institute of Medicine emphasizes continuous healing relationships (A), knowledge sharing (D), evidence-based practice (E), and safety as a system property (F) to improve care quality.
A hospital is evaluating its policies and procedures. What type of evaluation is the hospital conducting?
- A. outcome
- B. process
- C. quality
- D. structure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Evaluating policies and procedures assesses the organizational framework, which is a structure evaluation.
The nursing staff on a hospital unit are using peer review to improve professional performance. Who performs the review?
- A. unit manager
- B. nurses
- C. patients
- D. visitors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peer review is conducted by nurses evaluating each other's performance.