which of the following blood tests results is the most indicative of an improvement in rheumatic fever child?
- A. WBCS 11,000
- B. decrease ESR
- C. elevated ASOT
- D. hemoglobin 10 gm/dl.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a non-specific marker for inflammation and can be elevated in conditions like rheumatic fever. A decrease in ESR suggests a reduction in the inflammatory response in the body, indicating an improvement in the condition. While the other parameters (WBC count, ASOT, and hemoglobin level) may be affected in rheumatic fever, a decrease in ESR is a more direct indicator of improvement in the inflammatory process associated with the disease.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the best way to detect testicular cancer early?
- A. Monthly testicular self-examination
- B. Annual physician examination
- C. Yearly digital rectal examination
- D. Annual ultrasonography
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Testicular self-examination is the best way to detect testicular cancer early. It involves checking the size, shape, and consistency of the testicles to identify any changes or abnormalities. By performing monthly self-exams, men become familiar with the normal feel and appearance of their testicles, making it easier to notice any unusual lumps or swelling that could indicate the presence of cancer. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment of testicular cancer, which is why regular self-exams are recommended, especially for men at higher risk, such as those with a family history of the disease or prior testicular cancer. Annual physician examinations and ultrasounds can also help in detecting testicular cancer, but self-exams are a simple and effective way for men to take an active role in their health and potentially detect any issues early on.
Which is the central factor responsible for respiratory distress syndrome?
- A. Deficient surfactant production
- B. Overproduction of surfactant
- C. Overdeveloped alveoli
- D. Absence of alveoli
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory distress syndrome is primarily caused by deficient surfactant production in premature infants. Surfactant is a substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs and helps to reduce surface tension, preventing the collapse of the alveoli during exhalation. In premature infants, the lungs may not have produced enough surfactant, leading to difficulty in breathing and inadequate oxygen exchange. This results in respiratory distress syndrome, which is characterized by severe breathing problems in newborns. Overproduction of surfactant, overdeveloped alveoli, or absence of alveoli are not central factors in the development of respiratory distress syndrome.
An adult has been diagnosed with some type of anemia. The results of his blood tests showed: decreased WBC, normal RBC, decreased HCT, decreased Hgb. Based on these data, which of the following nursing diagnosis should the nurse prioritize as the most important?
- A. Potential for infection
- B. Self care deficit
- C. Alteration in infection
- D. Fluid volume excess
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The decreased white blood cell count (WBC) in the blood tests indicates a potential for infection. White blood cells are crucial for fighting off infections in the body. A decrease in WBC count can result in an impaired immune response, making the individual more susceptible to infections. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize the nursing diagnosis of "Potential for infection" to address the heightened risk of infection in the adult with anemia. It is important to monitor for signs and symptoms of infection, provide appropriate hygiene measures, and implement interventions to prevent infections in this individual.
The nurse is assigned to a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). When handling the client's blood and body fluids, the nurse uses standard precautions, which include:
- A. Wearing gloves to empty a bedpan
- B. Wearing gown, gloves, and protective eyewear when obtaining a urine specimen via catheterization
- C. Disposing of needles uncapped
- D. Wearing gloves when applying eyedrops
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Standard precautions are infection control practices designed to prevent transmission of diseases like AIDS. When handling a client's blood and body fluids, it is important to use standard precautions. Wearing gloves to empty a bedpan is an appropriate practice to prevent direct contact with blood and body fluids. This helps protect the nurse from exposure to infectious agents. Other options like wearing a gown, gloves, and protective eyewear for obtaining a urine specimen via catheterization or disposing of needles uncapped do not align with standard precautions for handling blood and body fluids in a client with AIDS. Similarly, wearing gloves when applying eyedrops is not necessary for preventing transmission of bloodborne pathogens in this context.
Which of the ff must the nurse consider when administering IV fluids to clients with hypertension?
- A. The nurse checks the clients BP every hour
- B. The nurse checks the site and progress of the infusion every hour
- C. The nurse checks the progress of the infusion once a day
- D. The nurse checks the client's pulse rate every hour
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When administering IV fluids to clients with hypertension, the nurse must closely monitor the site and progress of the infusion every hour to ensure proper hydration and detect any signs of complications such as infiltration or infection. Checking the blood pressure every hour, as in choice A, may not be necessary unless specifically indicated by the healthcare provider. Checking the progress of the infusion once a day, as in choice C, does not provide adequate monitoring for a client with hypertension who may be at higher risk for fluid volume overload. Checking the client's pulse rate every hour, as in choice D, is important but does not directly address the immediate monitoring needs related to the administration of IV fluids.