Nokea
Which of the following can act as a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
- A. Enzyme
- B. Light
- C. Water
- D. Metal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed. They lower the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, facilitating and accelerating the process. Choice B, Light, is not a catalyst but can sometimes trigger reactions by providing energy. Choice C, Water, and choice D, Metal, are not catalysts but can participate in reactions as reactants.
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What defines a balanced chemical equation?
- A. An equation where the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides
- B. An equation where there are more products than reactants
- C. An equation where the number of molecules is balanced
- D. An equation with equal masses on both sides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A balanced chemical equation is one in which the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides. This balance ensures the law of conservation of mass is upheld, where the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. Options B, C, and D are incorrect. Option B is incorrect as a balanced equation has an equal number of products and reactants. Option C is incorrect as balancing refers to the number of atoms, not molecules. Option D is incorrect as balancing is based on the number of atoms, not masses. Therefore, option A is the correct choice as it accurately describes a balanced chemical equation.
Which type of chemical reaction involves two ionic compounds where the reactants yield 'switched partners'?
- A. Single replacement
- B. Double replacement
- C. Synthesis
- D. Decomposition
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Double replacement.' In a double replacement reaction, two ionic compounds react by exchanging ions, resulting in the formation of two new compounds where the positive and negative ions have 'switched partners.' This type of reaction is characterized by the exchange of ions between the reactants. Choice A, 'Single replacement,' involves an element replacing another in a compound, not the exchange of partners like in the given scenario. Choice C, 'Synthesis,' is the combination of two or more substances to form a more complex product, not involving the exchange of partners. Choice D, 'Decomposition,' is the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances, which is different from the scenario described in the question.
What type of chemical reaction involves the combination of two elements to form a product?
- A. Decomposition
- B. Combustion
- C. Synthesis
- D. Double replacement
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A synthesis reaction involves the combination of two or more substances to form a single, more complex product. In the context of chemical reactions, it specifically refers to the combination of two elements to form a compound. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of a single compound into simpler substances (opposite of synthesis). Combustion reactions involve a substance reacting with oxygen to produce heat and light, not the combination of elements. Double replacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds, leading to the formation of two new compounds, not the combination of two elements.
What are the products of the combustion of a hydrocarbon?
- A. Water and carbon dioxide
- B. Water and oxygen
- C. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide
- D. Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a hydrocarbon undergoes combustion, it reacts with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide as the main products. The general chemical equation for the combustion of a hydrocarbon is hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Water and carbon dioxide.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because water and carbon dioxide are the primary products of hydrocarbon combustion, not water and oxygen, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, or carbon dioxide and oxygen.
Which elements are typically involved in hydrogen bonding?
- A. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
- B. Fluorine, chlorine, oxygen
- C. Fluorine, chlorine, nitrogen
- D. Fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hydrogen bonding occurs between hydrogen and highly electronegative atoms such as fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen. These atoms have a strong pull on the shared electrons, leading to a partial negative charge on them, which allows them to form hydrogen bonds with hydrogen or other electronegative atoms. Choice A is incorrect because carbon is not typically involved in hydrogen bonding. Choice B is incorrect because chlorine is not as electronegative as nitrogen, and choice C is incorrect because nitrogen is more electronegative than chlorine.