Nokea
Which of the following causes rise in systolic as well as diastolic BP for prolonged period:
- A. Ephedrine
- B. Epinephrine
- C. Dopamine
- D. Norepinephrine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Norepinephrine increases both systolic and diastolic BP with prolonged effect.
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Patients with allergic rhinitis may benefit from a prescription of:
- A. Fluticasone (Flonase)
- B. Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- C. OTC cromolyn nasal spray (Nasalcrom)
- D. Any of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All options "fluticasone (steroid), cetirizine (antihistamine), and cromolyn (mast cell stabilizer)"effectively treat allergic rhinitis symptoms.
Which person should be treated with prophylactic antitubercular medication?
- A. A child who attends the same school with a child who has tuberculosis
- B. A nurse who is working in a hospital
- C. An individual who is HIV-positive with a negative TB skin test
- D. A patient who has close contact with someone who has tuberculosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Close contact with TB warrants prophylaxis; school , hospital work , or HIV without exposure don't. Personal contact with a person having a diagnosis of tuberculosis is required to indicate prophylactic treatment with antitubercular therapy.
Licorice root is a common treatment for dyspepsia. Drug interactions with licorice include:
- A. Antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin
- B. Antidiarrheals, antihistamines, and omeprazole
- C. Penicillin antibiotic class and benzodiazepines
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Licorice affects potassium levels and blood pressure, interacting with antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin.
A 7-year-old male fell off a wood pile while playing. He has been admitted to the ICU with multiple broken bones and internal bleeding. What should the nurse know about drug therapy in this type of patient?
- A. Adverse effects may be decreased
- B. Therapeutic effects may be increased
- C. Pharmacodynamics may be altered
- D. Pharmacokinetics remain the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trauma alters pharmacodynamics (drug effects) due to physiological stress and injury responses.
A nursing instructor is observing a nursing student prepare an oral drug for administration. The instructor determines that the student is performing the procedure correctly when the student compares the label of the drug with the MAR how many times?
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The proper procedure is to compare the drug label with the MAR three times: when the drug is taken from its storage area, immediately before removing the drug from the container, and before administering the drug to the patient.