Nokea
Which of the following combinations will lead to the highest level of acid secretion through potentiation? (Potentiation refers to a post-receptor interaction where the response obtained is greater than the sum of each individual agent acting alone.)
- A. Vagal input, histamine, gastrin
- B. Vagal input, histamine, secretin
- C. Histamine, gastrin, secretin
- D. Gastrin, vagal input, secretin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vagal input, histamine, and gastrin all stimulate parietal cells synergistically (potentiation), maximizing acid secretion, while secretin inhibits it.
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The end product of digestion of starch which is absorbed into the bloodstream is:
- A. amino acid
- B. fatty acid
- C. glucose
- D. sucrose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Starch is broken down into glucose by enzymes like amylase and maltase, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream.
Which of the following statements are true about the Pancreatic juice?
- A. Pancreatic juice is acidic.
- B. Pancreatic juice is alkaline.
- C. Pancreatic juice is neutral.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pancreatic juice is alkaline due to its bicarbonate content, which neutralizes the acidic chyme entering the duodenum.
Gastric lipase is secreted by -
- A. Stomach
- B. Pancreas
- C. Liver
- D. Ileum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gastric lipase is secreted by the stomach to initiate fat digestion.
pH of stomach in human is about-
- A. 7
- B. 1.8
- C. 8
- D. 11
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stomach's pH is approximately 1.8 due to the secretion of hydrochloric acid, creating an acidic environment for digestion.
Match each term with the correct description: made up of organs that rid your body of wastes and control blood volume
- A. urethra
- B. urinary system
- C. bladder
- D. kidneys
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The urinary system includes organs that remove wastes and regulate blood volume.