Nokea
Which of the following conditions are more likely to develop in a client who is relatively immobile for the rest of his or her life?
- A. Bladder infection
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Paralysis
- D. Bladder inflammation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immobility increases the risk of bladder infections due to stasis of urine.
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What test provides fast, precise measurement of the bone mass of the spine, forearm, and total body to evaluate osteoporosis?
- A. Bone scan
- B. Diskogram
- C. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS)
- D. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DXA is the gold standard for bone density measurement.
Collections of nerve cell bodies inside the PNS are called:
- A. ganglia
- B. tracts
- C. nerves
- D. nuclei
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ganglia are collections of nerve cell bodies located in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Tracts and nuclei are terms used in the central nervous system (CNS), while nerves are bundles of axons. Therefore, A is the correct answer.
The nurse is participating in the preparation of a seminar on the neurologic system for a community health fair. Which part of the system is the nurse referring when the statement 'rest and digest' is included?
- A. Left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex
- B. Right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex
- C. Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
- D. Parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for 'rest and digest' functions, such as digestion and relaxation. The sympathetic division mediates the 'fight-or-flight' response, while the cerebral hemispheres are involved in higher cognitive functions. Understanding the autonomic nervous system is key to explaining physiological responses.
A patient with a fractured tibia accompanied by extensive soft tissue damage initially has a splint applied and held in place with an elastic bandage. What early sign should alert the nurse that the patient is developing compartment syndrome?
- A. Paralysis of the toes
- B. Absence of peripheral pulses
- C. Distal pain unrelieved by opioid analgesics
- D. Skin over the injury site is blanched when the bandage is removed
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Unrelieved pain despite opioids is a hallmark of compartment syndrome.
Which action requires immediate intervention by the nurse for a nursing assistant caring for a patient with CTS?
- A. Arrange the patient's lunch tray and cut the meat.
- B. Provide warm water and assist the patient with a bath.
- C. Replace the patient's splint in hyperextension position.
- D. Remind the patient not to lift very heavy objects.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Replacing a splint in hyperextension without proper training could exacerbate the condition.