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Which of the following conditions does the nurse explain to the patient the contributory factor that slows uterine involution?
- A. Full bladder during labor
- B. Difficult birth
- C. Prolonged labor
- D. Infection during pregnancy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prolonged labor is a condition in which labor lasts for an extended period, typically more than 20 hours for first-time mothers and more than 14 hours for experienced mothers. Prolonged labor can contribute to slowing down uterine involution because the prolonged pressure and strain on the uterus can affect its ability to return to its pre-pregnancy size and position. The prolonged contractions and stretching of the uterine muscles can hinder the normal process of uterine involution, leading to a delay in the uterus shrinking back to its non-pregnant state. Additionally, prolonged labor can increase the risk of postpartum complications such as excessive bleeding and infection, which can further impact uterine involution. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare providers to monitor labor progress closely to prevent prolonged labor and its potential effects on uterine involution.
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Ms. Cruz is the supervisor of a hospital on night shift. Several nurses did not report due to Jeepney strike. When the supervisor is executing proper allocation of nurses to the PRIORITY wards to address this concern, she is observing what type of principle?
- A. Beneficence
- B. Justice
- C. Non-maleficence
- D. Fidelity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When the supervisor allocates nurses to the priority wards in response to the situation of several nurses not reporting due to the Jeepney strike, she is practicing the ethical principle of justice. Justice in healthcare pertains to the fair distribution of resources and the equitable treatment of individuals. By ensuring that nurses are allocated fairly and appropriately to address the urgent needs of the hospital and its patients, the supervisor is upholding the principle of justice. This decision aims to ensure that all patients receive the care they need despite the unexpected staffing shortage.
A woman in active labor demonstrates persistent posterior fetal position, contributing to prolonged labor and severe back pain. What nursing intervention should be implemented to facilitate fetal rotation and optimize labor progress?
- A. Encourage frequent position changes, including hands-and-knees position.
- B. Administer intravenous analgesics to manage maternal discomfort.
- C. Prepare for immediate instrumental delivery.
- D. Initiate continuous fetal monitoring to assess fetal well-being.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging frequent position changes, including the hands-and-knees position, is the most appropriate nursing intervention in this scenario. This position is known to help rotate the baby from a persistent posterior position to an optimal anterior position for delivery. The hands-and-knees position can help take pressure off the mother's back, alleviate back pain, and facilitate the rotation of the baby's head to engage in the mother's pelvis, thus promoting labor progress. It is a non-invasive and effective way to promote fetal rotation without the need for immediate instrumental delivery or intravenous analgesics. Continuous fetal monitoring is important for assessing fetal well-being but would not directly address the issue of posterior fetal position and the associated prolonged labor.
A patient presents with a thyroid nodule and signs of hyperthyroidism. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy reveals granulomatous inflammation and multinucleated giant cells. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Hashimoto's thyroiditis
- B. Graves' disease
- C. Subacute thyroiditis
- D. Thyroid nodules
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Subacute thyroiditis is an inflammatory disorder of the thyroid gland that causes gland destruction and release of pre-formed thyroid hormone leading to hyperthyroidism. The fine-needle aspiration biopsy findings of granulomatous inflammation and multinucleated giant cells are characteristic of subacute thyroiditis. This condition typically presents with a painful, tender thyroid gland and may be preceded by a viral illness. Unlike Graves' disease, which is an autoimmune disorder resulting in hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter and positive thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins, subacute thyroiditis is typically self-limited and resolves spontaneously without the need for long-term treatment.
In as much as the research may have some risks on the part of the subject who is 21 years old, Nurse Carmi must assure the subject of her anonymity, confidentiality and respect for her human rights. ONE ABSOLUTE WAY is to get an informed and written consent from whom?
- A. Parents
- B. Husband
- C. Guardians
- D. Subject herself Situation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In research involving adults who are capable of providing informed consent, such as a 21-year-old subject, the absolute way to ensure autonomy and respect for the individual's rights is to obtain informed and written consent directly from the subject herself. The subject's autonomy and right to self-determination should be respected, and obtaining consent directly from the subject ensures that they are fully informed about the research, its risks, benefits, and their rights regarding anonymity and confidentiality. In this case, Nurse Carmi must explain the research process clearly to the 21-year-old subject, obtain her informed consent in writing, and ensure that her anonymity, confidentiality, and human rights are protected throughout the study.
A patient expresses frustration with the lack of information provided by the healthcare team. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Dismiss the patient's frustration and assure them that the healthcare team is doing their best.
- B. Listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge the lack of information, and offer to address the issue.
- C. Ignore the patient's frustration and proceed with providing care.
- D. Tell the patient that their frustration is unwarranted and unnecessary.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best response for the nurse in this situation would be to listen actively to the patient's concerns, acknowledge the lack of information, and offer to address the issue. It is important for healthcare providers to validate the patient's feelings and actively work towards resolving any issues that are causing frustration. By being empathetic and willing to address the problem, the nurse can help improve the patient's experience and build trust in the healthcare team. Dismissing or ignoring the patient's frustration can lead to further dissatisfaction and breakdown in communication. It is crucial for healthcare providers to prioritize open communication and address any concerns or lack of information promptly.