Nokea
Which of the following demonstrates the final phase of application of the community health nursing process?
- A. Presenting feedback about a 6-week fitness class
- B. Determining the needs of the community
- C. Developing a 6-week wellness program
- D. Supervising a fitness class at the local YWCA or YMCA
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Presenting feedback about a 6-week fitness class. This demonstrates the final phase of the community health nursing process, which involves evaluating the outcomes of implemented interventions. By presenting feedback, the nurse is assessing the effectiveness of the fitness class in improving community health.
Choice B, determining the needs of the community, is part of the assessment phase, not the final phase. Choice C, developing a wellness program, is part of the planning phase. Choice D, supervising a fitness class, is part of the implementation phase. Thus, only choice A aligns with the final phase of the community health nursing process.
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Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
- A. Papanicolaou (Pap) tests to detect cervical cancer
- B. Screening of pregnant women for gestational diabetes
- C. COVID-19 immunization clinics
- D. Mammography to detect breast cancer
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease before it occurs. COVID-19 immunization clinics fall under primary prevention as they help prevent individuals from contracting the virus in the first place. By administering vaccines, the spread of the disease is reduced, ultimately preventing new cases. This is different from the other options: A and D involve screening tests to detect existing diseases, while B focuses on identifying a health condition in pregnant women rather than preventing its development. Thus, C is the correct choice for primary prevention.
Which of the following would be considered part of a transformational leadership style?
- A. A group leader uses rewards to engage others.
- B. A group leader uses personal charisma to motivate followers.
- C. A group leader focuses on day-to-day tasks.
- D. Minimal or no direction is provided by the group leader.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because transformational leadership involves inspiring and motivating followers through personal charisma and vision. Charismatic leaders are able to influence and inspire others to achieve common goals. Choice A focuses on transactional leadership, which involves rewards for performance. Choices C and D are characteristics of laissez-faire leadership, where the leader is hands-off or focused solely on tasks, not inspiring transformation.
A 40-year-old Bosnian Muslim woman who does not speak English presents to a community health centre in obvious pain and requests a female health care provider. She indicates through gestures that the pain originates in either the pelvic or the genital region. Assuming several people are available to interpret, who would be the most appropriate choice of interpreter?
- A. A female who does not know the client
- B. A female from the client's community
- C. A male who is certified as a medical interpreter
- D. The client's 20-year-old daughter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A female from the client's community. This choice is the most appropriate because it ensures cultural and linguistic sensitivity. Here's the rationale:
1. Cultural Sensitivity: A female from the client's community would likely understand the client's cultural nuances and beliefs, which can enhance effective communication.
2. Linguistic Competency: Being from the same community, the interpreter is more likely to speak the client's language fluently and accurately convey the client's messages.
3. Comfort and Trust: The client may feel more comfortable and trusting when communicating with someone from her own community, especially in sensitive matters like health.
4. Privacy and Dignity: Having a familiar female interpreter can help maintain the client's privacy and dignity during discussions about sensitive health issues.
Summary:
- Choice A: A female who does not know the client may lack cultural understanding and linguistic competency.
- Choice C: A male certified as a medical interpreter may not be as culturally sensitive and might not be preferred
What would be the best community health nurse (CHN) referral for a physically and mentally challenged older person who wants to continue living with her family but whose family members are all working outside the home?
- A. Adult daycare services
- B. Home health care
- C. Long-term care
- D. Elder centres
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Adult daycare services. This option allows the older person to receive care and supervision during the day while her family members are at work, ensuring her safety and well-being. It also allows her to continue living with her family, promoting social interaction and community involvement.
Summary of other choices:
B: Home health care may not be suitable as it may not provide adequate supervision and social interaction during the day.
C: Long-term care is not necessary if the older person can continue living with her family.
D: Elder centres may not provide the necessary supervision and care during the day when the family members are at work.
A community health nurse (CHN) suspects that an elementary school student is being physically abused. Which action would be the most appropriate one for the CHN to take?
- A. Ask the student about the abuse.
- B. Document findings in the student's school record.
- C. Discuss the suspicions of abuse with the student's teachers or the family's spiritual leader.
- D. Notify legal authorities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Notify legal authorities. This is the most appropriate action for the CHN to take because suspected cases of child abuse must be reported to legal authorities to ensure the safety and well-being of the child. Reporting to legal authorities initiates an official investigation by trained professionals who can assess the situation and take appropriate action to protect the child.
A: Asking the student about the abuse may put the child at risk of further harm if the abuser is present or if the child is not ready to disclose the abuse.
B: Documenting findings in the student's school record is not sufficient to address the immediate safety concerns of the child.
C: Discussing suspicions with teachers or spiritual leaders may not lead to the necessary intervention and protection of the child.
In summary, notifying legal authorities is the most effective and necessary step to ensure the safety of the child in cases of suspected abuse.