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Which of the following describes the action of an agonist on a receptor.
- A. Destroys the receptor
- B. Competes with a
- C. Activates a receptor
- D. Blocks a receptor Pharmacology Final Study Guide ï‚· Which of the following is an antianginal and nitrate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An agonist is a substance that binds to a receptor and activates it, leading to a biological response. Agonists mimic the action of endogenous ligands that normally bind to the receptor, resulting in activation of downstream signaling pathways. This activation can lead to various physiological effects depending on the specific receptor and pathway involved. In contrast, antagonists block or inhibit the actions of agonists by binding to the receptor without activating it, therefore not producing a response. Therefore, the correct answer is that an agonist activates a receptor.
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A healthcare provider is caring for a 4-year-old child who is resistant to taking medication. Which of the following strategies should the healthcare provider use to elicit the child's cooperation?
- A. Offer the child a choice of taking the medication with juice or water
- B. Tell the child it is candy
- C. Hide the medication in a large dish of ice cream
- D. Tell the child they will have a shot instead
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Offering children choices empowers them and can help in gaining cooperation, especially when it comes to taking medications. By providing options like taking the medication with juice or water, the child feels a sense of control and may be more willing to cooperate. This approach respects the child's autonomy and can make the experience more positive for both the child and the healthcare provider.
What is the antidote for Warfarin?
- A. Vitamin D
- B. Vitamin
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin B has a new prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The antidote for Warfarin, a common blood thinner medication, is Vitamin K. Warfarin works by inhibiting Vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, which prevents blood clotting. In case of an overdose or excessive bleeding while taking Warfarin, administering Vitamin K can help counteract the effects of the medication and promote blood clotting.
A healthcare professional is educating a client who has a new prescription for Vitamin B12 injections. Which of the following statements should the healthcare professional include?
- A. Take the medication with a full glass of water.
- B. You will need to take this medication for the rest of your life.
- C. Expect a metallic taste in your mouth.
- D. Avoid consuming dairy products.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clients with conditions like pernicious anemia or other causes of vitamin B12 deficiency may require lifelong cyanocobalamin supplementation to prevent deficiency. This is because their bodies are unable to absorb B12 from dietary sources adequately, necessitating ongoing injections to maintain optimal B12 levels.
A client with a UTI and a history of recurrent infections asks why the provider has not yet prescribed an antibiotic. The nurse should explain that the provider has to wait for the results of which of the following laboratory tests to identify which antibiotic to prescribe?
- A. Gram stain
- B. Culture
- C. Sensitivity
- D. Specific gravity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which of the following is an antianginal and nitrate?
- A. Iron
- B. ACE Inhibitors
- C. Nitroglycerin
- D. Heparin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication that belongs to the class of nitrates. It is used to relieve chest pain or angina by dilating blood vessels, which reduces the workload of the heart and improves blood flow to the heart muscle. Nitroglycerin helps to relax and widen blood vessels, increasing the supply of oxygen and blood to the heart. It is often used for the treatment and prevention of angina attacks. In contrast, options A, B, and D are not antianginal medications or nitrates.