Current Issues in Maternal Newborn Nursing

Current Issues in Maternal Newborn Nursing Related

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The nurse is writing an expected outcome for the nursing diagnosis—acute pain related to
tissue trauma, secondary to vaginal birth, as evidenced by patient stating pain of 8 on a scale
of 10. Which expected outcome is correctly stated for this problem?

  • A. Patient will state that pain is a 2 on a scale of 10.
  • B. Patient will have a reduction in pain after administration of the prescribed
  • C. Patient will state an absence of pain 1 hour after administration of the prescribed
  • D. Patient will state that pain is a 2 on a scale of 10, 1 hour after the administration of
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because it aligns with the SMART criteria for expected outcomes. Specific: It clearly states the desired pain level of 2 on a scale of 10. Measurable: It provides a quantifiable measure to assess the outcome. Achievable: The goal is realistic and attainable within a specified time frame. Relevant: It directly addresses the nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to tissue trauma. Time-bound: It includes a timeframe of 1 hour after administration for evaluation.

Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not meet all the SMART criteria. Choice A only focuses on the pain level without a specific timeframe. Choice B mentions pain reduction but lacks a specific target level or timeframe. Choice C mentions pain absence but lacks a specific timeframe for evaluation.

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While interviewing a 31-year-old woman before her routine gynecologic examination the nurse collects data about the client's recent menstrual cycles. Which statement by the client should prompt the nurse to collect further information?

  • A. My menstrual flow lasts 5 to 6 days
  • B. My flow is very heavy
  • C. The length of my menstrual cycles varies from 26 to 29 days
  • D. I have had a small amount of spotting midway between my periods for the past 2 months
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Heavy bleeding (menorrhagia) requires further investigation as it could indicate an underlying condition. A menstrual cycle of 5-6 days or slight spotting midway are normal.

Which information regarding substance abuse is important for the nurse to understand?

  • A. Cigarette smoking has little effect on maternity-related health.
  • B. Women, ages 21 to 34 years, have the highest rates of specific alcohol-related problems.
  • C. Coffee is a stimulant that has been related to birth defects.
  • D. Prescription psychotherapeutic drugs do not affect the fetus.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Alcohol abuse during pregnancy has been associated with many negative outcomes. Cigarette smoking impairs fertility and causes low-birth-weight infants.

Fibrocystic changes in the breast most often appear in women in their 20s and 30s. Although the cause is unknown, an imbalance of estrogen and progesterone may be the cause. The nurse who cares for this client should be aware that treatment modalities are conservative. Which proven modality may offer relief for this condition?

  • A. Diuretic administration
  • B. Daily inclusion of caffeine in the diet
  • C. Increased vitamin C supplementation
  • D. Application of cold packs to the breast as necessary
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Diuretics and a decrease in sodium intake can provide relief for fibrocystic breast changes. The use of caffeine is not recommended, and vitamin E should be taken in moderation.

The nurse is assessing a patient’s use of complementary and alternative therapies. Which should the nurse document as an alternative or complementary therapy practice? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Practicing yoga daily
  • B. Drinking green tea in the morning
  • C. Taking omeprazole (Prilosec) once a day
  • D. Using aromatherapy during a relaxing bath
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because practicing yoga daily is a recognized complementary therapy that promotes physical and mental well-being. Yoga has been shown to reduce stress, improve flexibility, and enhance overall health.

B is incorrect as drinking green tea is considered a dietary choice rather than a specific alternative therapy practice. C is incorrect as taking omeprazole is a conventional medication for acid reflux, not a complementary therapy. D is incorrect as aromatherapy is a complementary therapy, but using it during a relaxing bath is not a specific practice related to alternative therapies.

A client currently uses a diaphragm and spermicide for contraception. She asks the nurse to explain the major differences between the cervical cap and the diaphragm. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

  • A. No spermicide is used with the cervical cap, so it's less messy.
  • B. The diaphragm can be left in place longer after intercourse.
  • C. Repeated intercourse with the diaphragm is more convenient.
  • D. The cervical cap can be safely used for repeated acts of intercourse without adding more spermicide later.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The cervical cap can be inserted hours before sexual intercourse without the need for additional spermicide later.

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