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The nurse is reviewing the principles of family-centered care with a primiparous patient. Which patient statement will the nurse need to correct?
- A. “Remaining focused on my family will help benefit me and my baby.”
- B. “Most of the time, childbirth is uncomplicated and a healthy event for the family.”
- C. “Because childbirth is normal, after my baby’s birth our family dynamics will not N R I G B.C M U S N T O change.”
- D. “With correct information, I am able to make decisions regarding my health care while I am pregnant.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it inaccurately suggests that family dynamics will not change after childbirth. The nurse needs to correct this statement as childbirth often leads to significant changes in family dynamics. This is important for the patient to understand to prepare for potential adjustments and challenges. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they align with the principles of family-centered care. Choice A highlights the importance of family support, choice B emphasizes the commonality of uncomplicated childbirth, and choice D empowers the patient to make informed decisions about her healthcare.
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A client is 5 months pregnant. On a routine ultrasound scan, the physician discovers that the fetus has a diaphragmatic herniThe woman becomes distraught and asks the nurse what she should do. Which response would be most suitable?
- A. Talk to the client, and refer her to a genetic counselor.
- B. Suggest that the client travel to a fetal treatment center for intrauterine surgery.
- C. Tell her that everything is going to be fine.
- D. Sit with the client, and calmly suggest that she consider terminating this pregnancy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Before the client makes any decisions, she should discuss this newly discovered information with a genetic counselor. Genetic counselors can help with the diagnosis and management of families affected by genetic conditions. The discussion of potential surgery should be pursuant to genetic counseling. Telling the woman that everything is going to be fine may give her false hope and is not accurate. All options should be discussed with the genetic counselor. Furthermore, the guiding principle for genetic counseling is nondirection, which respects the right of the individual or family who are being counseled to make autonomous decisions.
Which menopausal discomfort would the nurse anticipate when evaluating a woman for signs and symptoms of the climacteric?
- A. Headaches
- B. Hot flashes
- C. Mood swings
- D. Vaginal dryness with dyspareunia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hot flashes are the most common discomfort caused by fluctuating estrogen levels in perimenopausal women. Other symptoms like headaches or mood swings may occur but are less common.
A woman is using the basal body temperature (BBT) method of contraception. She calls the clinic and tells the nurse, 'My period is due in a few days, and my temperature has not gone up.' What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
- A. This probably means you're pregnant.
- B. Don't worry; it's probably nothing.
- C. Have you been sick this month?
- D. You probably didn't ovulate during this cycle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The absence of a temperature rise indicates that ovulation has not occurrePregnancy cannot occur without ovulation, so the lack of BBT increase suggests an anovulatory cycle.
What are the most common causes for subinvolution of the uterus?
- A. Postpartum hemorrhage and infection
- B. Multiple gestation and postpartum hemorrhage
- C. Uterine tetany and overproduction of oxytocin
- D. Retained placental fragments and infection
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Subinvolution is the failure of the uterus to return to a nonpregnant state. The most common causes are retained placental fragments and infection.
Which description of postpartum restoration or healing times is accurate?
- A. The cervix shortens, becomes firm, and returns to form within a month postpartum.
- B. Vaginal rugae reappear by 3 weeks postpartum.
- C. Most episiotomies heal within a week.
- D. Hemorrhoids usually decrease in size within 2 weeks of childbirth.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vaginal rugae reappear by 3 weeks postpartum, though they are never as prominent as in nulliparous women.