Nokea
The nurse states to the newly pregnant patient, “Tell me how you feel about being pregnant.” Which communication technique is the nurse using with this patient?
- A. Clarifying
- B. Paraphrasing
- C. Reflection
- D. Structuring
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reflection. The nurse is using a reflection communication technique by restating the patient's feelings to show understanding and empathy. This helps the patient feel heard and validated. Clarifying (A) involves seeking more information, paraphrasing (B) involves restating the patient's words, and structuring (D) involves providing organization or direction. In this scenario, the nurse is not seeking more details (Clarifying), restating the patient's words exactly (Paraphrasing), or providing organization/direction (Structuring), but rather reflecting the patient's emotions back to them.
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Which statement best exemplifies contemporary maternity nursing?
- A. Use of midwives for all vaginal deliveries
- B. Family-centered care
- C. Free-standing birth clinics
- D. Physician-driven care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contemporary maternity nursing focuses on the family's needs and desires, with both midwives and physicians providing care.
The nurse should be aware that a pessary is most effective in the treatment of which disorder?
- A. Cystocele
- B. Uterine prolapse
- C. Rectocele
- D. Stress urinary incontinence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A fitted pessary may be inserted into the vagina to support the uterus and hold it in the correct position. Usually a pessary is used for only a short time and is not used for the client with a cystocele. A rectocele cannot be corrected.
Fibrocystic changes in the breast most often appear in women in their 20s and 30s. Although the cause is unknown, an imbalance of estrogen and progesterone may be the cause. The nurse who cares for this client should be aware that treatment modalities are conservative. Which proven modality may offer relief for this condition?
- A. Diuretic administration
- B. Daily inclusion of caffeine in the diet
- C. Increased vitamin C supplementation
- D. Application of cold packs to the breast as necessary
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics and a decrease in sodium intake can provide relief for fibrocystic breast changes. The use of caffeine is not recommended, and vitamin E should be taken in moderation.
A 62-year-old woman has not been to the clinic for an annual examination for 5 years. What should the nurse do to facilitate a positive health care experience for this client?
- A. Remind the woman that she is long overdue for her examination.
- B. Carefully listen, and allow extra time for this woman's health history interview.
- C. Reassure the woman that a nurse practitioner is just as good as her old physician.
- D. Encourage the woman to talk about the death of her husband and her fears about her own death.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should listen carefully and allow extra time, as older women may have longer health histories or emotional needs.
A nurse is working with an active labor patient who is in preterm labor and has been designated as high risk. The patient is very apprehensive and asks the nurse, “Is everything going to be all right?” The nurse replies, “Yes, everything will be okay.” Following delivery via an emergency cesarean birth, the newborn undergoes resuscitation and does not survive. The patient is distraught over the outcome and blames the nurse for telling her that everything would be okay. Which ethical principle did the nurse violate?
- A. Autonomy N R I G B.C M U S N T O
- B. Fidelity
- C. Beneficence
- D. Accountability
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beneficence. The nurse violated the ethical principle of beneficence by providing false reassurance to the patient, which ultimately led to a negative outcome. Beneficence means to do good and act in the best interest of the patient. By giving false hope, the nurse failed to provide truthful information that could have prepared the patient for potential complications.
A: Autonomy - This choice is not the correct answer because autonomy refers to respecting the patient's right to make their own decisions, which was not directly violated in this scenario.
B: Fidelity - This choice is not the correct answer because fidelity refers to being faithful and keeping promises to the patient, which is not the primary issue in this case.
D: Accountability - This choice is not the correct answer because accountability refers to taking responsibility for one's actions, which the nurse may need to do in this situation, but it is not the primary ethical principle violated.
In summary, the nurse violated the ethical