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What is a risk factor for breast cancer?
- A. menarche at age 15
- B. family history of diabetes
- C. alcohol use of at least 2 drinks per day
- D. history of three vaginal births by age 25
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: alcohol use of at least 2 drinks per day. Alcohol consumption has been consistently linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. Alcohol can raise estrogen levels in the body, thereby increasing the risk of developing breast cancer. Menarche at age 15 (choice A) is not a risk factor as early menarche is associated with a slightly decreased risk. Family history of diabetes (choice B) and history of three vaginal births by age 25 (choice D) are not directly linked to breast cancer risk.
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The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) support group.
One of the teaching points will include diet and weight loss to decrease hirsutism and acne. What
is the reasoning for this rationale?
- A. Diet and exercise will promote weight loss, which will decrease
hyperandrogenemia - B. Diet and exercise will decrease the risk of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes
- C. Diet and exercise will decrease serum lipid levels and lower the risk for
cardiovascular disease. - D. Diet and exercise will increase the frequency of ovulation and menstruation and
increase fertility.
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: I see that there is a mistake in the question. There is no option "E" provided. Could you please provide the correct answer choice or clarify the question?
A nurse is reviewing evidence-based teaching and learning principles. Which situation is most conducive to learning with patients of other cultures?
- A. An auditorium is being used as a classroom for 300 students.
- B. A teacher who speaks very little Spanish is teaching a class of Hispanic students.
- C. A class is composed of students of various ages and educational backgrounds.
- D. An Asian nurse provides nutritional information to a group of pregnant Asian women.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates cultural congruence, which is essential for effective communication and learning. By having an Asian nurse providing information to pregnant Asian women, there is a shared cultural background that enhances understanding and trust. This setting promotes cultural sensitivity and tailors the information to meet the specific needs and preferences of the audience. In contrast, the other choices lack cultural relevance and may hinder effective communication and learning. Choice A involves a large group setting, which may not allow for individualized cultural considerations. Choice B highlights a language barrier that can impede understanding. Choice C presents a diverse group, which may not address the unique cultural needs of each individual.
A client currently uses a diaphragm and spermicide for contraception. She asks the nurse to explain the major differences between the cervical cap and the diaphragm. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. No spermicide is used with the cervical cap, so it's less messy.
- B. The diaphragm can be left in place longer after intercourse.
- C. Repeated intercourse with the diaphragm is more convenient.
- D. The cervical cap can be safely used for repeated acts of intercourse without adding more spermicide later.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The cervical cap can be inserted hours before sexual intercourse without the need for additional spermicide later.
Through the use of social media technology, nurses can link with other nurses who may share similar interests, insights about practice, and advocate for clients. Which factor is the most concerning pitfall for nurses using this technology?
- A. Violation of client privacy and confidentiality
- B. Institutions and colleagues who may be cast in an unfavorable light
- C. Unintended negative consequences for using social media
- D. Lack of institutional policy governing online contact
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most significant pitfall is the violation of client privacy and confidentiality.
The nurse is arranging education for the menopausal support group regarding the approaches to treat the symptoms. Which of the following would be components of current treatments? Select all that apply.
- A. Moderately intense exercises
- B. Balanced diet, rich in calcium
- C. Alternative medicine such as black cohosh
- D. Over-the-counter sleep aid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct:
1. Moderately intense exercises help manage menopausal symptoms by reducing hot flashes and improving mood.
2. Exercise also helps in maintaining bone health and reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
3. Physical activity promotes overall well-being and can alleviate symptoms like weight gain and insomnia.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B. While a balanced diet rich in calcium is important for overall health, it is not a primary component of treating menopausal symptoms.
C. Alternative medicine like black cohosh may have some benefit, but evidence is inconclusive and not widely recommended.
D. Over-the-counter sleep aids may help with sleep disturbances, but they do not address the holistic management of menopausal symptoms.