Nokea
The office memo
To: Staff
From: CEO
Date; June 18, 2021
Subject: Naps Employees,
In the recent company-wide audits, many employees have reported fatigue at work. Combined with our acquisition of 10 major projects this year, I'm concerned about our employees' productivity and health.
According to a 2008 study, napping for 60 minutes helped improve verbal memory, motor skills, and perceptual learning better than caffeine. Many successful companies have adopted the practice of work naps, in industries like tech, manufacturing - even NASA!
Starting today, we will be providing a designated nap room in each office building near the gym and cafeteria to help employees take care of their bodies and minds, so they can be happier, healthier, and more productive.
Thank you,
Melinda Myles
Which of the following evidence from the passage supports the inference that providing nap rooms at work can improve employee productivity?
- A. In the recent company-wide audits, many employees have reported fatigue at work.
- B. According to a 2008 study, napping for 60 minutes helped improve verbal memory, motor skills, and perceptual learning better than caffeine.
- C. Many successful companies have adopted the practice of work naps, in industries like tech, manufacturing - even NASA!
- D. Starting today, we will be providing a designated nap room in each office building near the gym and cafeteria to help employees take care of their bodies and minds, so they can be happier, healthier, and more productive.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the evidence from the 2008 study mentioned in the passage supports the inference that napping for 60 minutes can improve verbal memory, motor skills, and perceptual learning better than caffeine. This indicates that providing nap rooms at work can lead to improved productivity by enhancing cognitive functions. Choice A talks about the fatigue reported by employees but does not directly link it to productivity improvement. Choice C mentions that many successful companies have adopted the practice of work naps but does not specifically tie it to productivity enhancement. Choice D states the intention to provide nap rooms for employees but does not provide direct evidence of productivity improvement.
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What is all this talk of Cicadas lately in the United States? You might be wondering why the media has featured it. But in fact, the discussion about cicadas has emerged about as predictably as the Cicadas. Themselves from their underground refuge.
Let's get oriented with some background on cicadas. what is a cicada? A typical definition will at least tell you that the cicadas is a large loud insect with long transparent wings, mostly found in warm countries. A more detailed response might also inform you that cicadas have short antennae and wide-set eyes that jut out, with delicate translucent wings-and that not only is the cicadas loud, but few creatures make louder sounds. In fact it is male cicadas that are the noisy ones, to the tune of 80 to 100 decibels, which is like the roar of a loud engine. This is because male cicadas make strident, high buzzing by vibrating two membranes on its abdomen called tymbals Effectively turning body into a kind of echo chamber or drum. Female cicadas cannot replicate the buzzing though they respond with a clicking sound when they are ready to mate.
Although there are several species of cicadas mating typically takes place in trees whereafter the female deposits the eggs into the bark. When the eggs hatch the larval cicadas, called nymphs, drop to the ground and burrow. They then live as nymphs for most of their lives over 6 feet underground, with both male and female cicadas dying within weeks of their emergence from the soil. This is particularly true for North America cicadas especially the magi cicadas or periodical cicadas, which regularly emerge in intervals of 13 or 17 years depending on the species and the location. This is why talk of cicadas in the media is as predictable as their emergence in the U.S.
From the passage, which of the following statements represents a logical conclusion about the author?
- A. The author loves to attend theatrical productions
- B. The author prefers musical comedies
- C. The author also enjoys concerts and movies
- D. The author finds theater seating comfortable
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The passage does not provide any information about the author's preference for musical comedies (choice B), enjoyment of concerts and movies (choice C), or comfort with theater seating (choice D). However, the passage does mention cicadas and their emergence, not providing any details that connect to the author's preferences. Therefore, the only logical conclusion that can be drawn about the author is that they love attending theatrical productions, as suggested by the deep love for attending theater productions.
Hedy Lamar was a woman of many talents. She was first known as a European film
actress in the 1930s and early 1940s. Some of her popular films included Boom Town
(1940) and White Cargo (1942); however, her roles generally did not include very
many spoken lines and she became bored. To relieve this boredom, Lamar took up
inventing.
Hedy Lamar did not have any formal training, but she did not allow that to stop her
from teaching herself in her spare time. Although she had a number of failed
inventions, such as an improved traffic light and a carbonated drink, Lamar did not
stop coming up with ideas. She even spent time working with the science engineering
team employed by Howard Hughes, the aviation tycoon.
During World War II, Lamarr learned that one of the military's new technologies,
radio-controlled torpedoes, were too easily jammed and redirected. She came up with
a type of radio signal that changed, or "hopped," frequencies and was unable to be
tracked or disrupted. With the assistance of her friend George Antheil, she was able
to design the system and patent it in August 1942.
Unfortunately, the United States Navy was not interested. The technology of the era
wasn't quite good enough to easily implement Lamarr's system, and the Navy was
not particularly interested in civilian inventions at the time. It wasn't until 20 years
later, during the Cuban Missile Crisis, that a version of Lamarr's system began
appearing on Navy ships.
The work Lamarr and Antheil did creating this frequency-hopping system led to
many technologies that are often taken for granted today. Their work led to the
development of cell phones, Bluetooth, and WiFi. Just think, we might not have any
of those things if Hedy Lamarr had been given more interesting roles.
How did Hedy Lamarr contribute significantly to the advancement of technology?
- A. The technology of the era wasn't advanced enough to easily implement Lamarr's system
- B. She collaborated with the science engineering team employed by Howard Hughes, the aviation tycoon
- C. She had several failed inventions, such as an improved traffic light and a carbonated drink
- D. Her work led to the future development of cellular phones, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Hedy Lamarr's invention of a frequency-hopping system, along with George Antheil, laid the foundation for technologies like cellular phones, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi. This significant contribution revolutionized communication technology. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on the limitations of the era's technology rather than Lamarr's contributions. Choice B is incorrect as it briefly mentions her collaboration but does not directly relate it to technological advancements. Choice C is incorrect as it highlights her failed inventions, which are not indicative of her significant contributions to technology.
An interesting birthday party
On Saturday afternoon, local eccentric Dr. Oliver Creekstone held a remarkable 90th birthday at his countryside estate. Present were 3000 guests, four zebras, two monster trucks, and a famous bagpipe player from Scotland. Though pleased with the entertainment, attendees reportedly were shocked that the complimentary buffet contained only boiled asparagus and pickled carrots.
At nightfall, the party was treated to a stunning and seemingly endless fireworks display. According to our sources, Dr. Creekstone felt that next year's birthday party would have to be even bigger and More interesting. 'We'll need at least seven more zebras,' he said.
What is the topic excerpt?
- A. An interesting birthday party
- B. A disappointing buffet menu
- C. Dr. Creekstone's eccentricities
- D. The lack of adequate lighting at the estate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'An interesting birthday party.' The passage describes Dr. Oliver Creekstone's remarkable 90th birthday party at his countryside estate, featuring unusual elements like zebras, monster trucks, and a bagpipe player. The guests were surprised by the buffet of boiled asparagus and pickled carrots, and the evening ended with a spectacular fireworks display. Choice B, 'A disappointing buffet menu,' is incorrect as the buffet is just one aspect of the overall event. Choice C, 'Dr. Creekstone's eccentricities,' while partially relevant, does not capture the main focus of the passage. Choice D, 'The lack of adequate lighting at the estate,' is unrelated to the topic of the excerpt.
1821: Clara Barton is born in North Oxford, Massachusetts.
1831: Barton cares for her brother David after he falls from a roof and is severely injured.
1855: Barton moves to Washington D.C. to work as the first female federal patent clerk.
1861: Barton begins gathering and distributing food, clothing, and medical supplies to wounded soldiers during the Civil War.
1862: Barton works on the front lines as a self-taught nurse.
1865: After the war, Barton begins identifying anonymous soldiers to be properly buried through the Office of Missing Soldiers.
1869: Barton travels to Europe, assisting with preparing military hospitals and supplying aid to the poor.
1881: Barton petitions President Chester A. Arthur to open an American branch of the International Red Cross Organization.
Which of the following best describes the theme of the passage?
- A. Patronizing
- B. Skeptical
- C. Objective
- D. Nostalgic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Objective.' The passage presents a factual account of Clara Barton's life events without showing bias or personal feelings. The text outlines significant milestones in Barton's life chronologically, from her birth to her contributions during and after the Civil War, culminating in her advocacy for the establishment of an American branch of the International Red Cross Organization. The passage does not exhibit a patronizing tone (choice A), as it does not talk down to Barton or belittle her achievements. It is also not skeptical (choice B), as it does not express doubt or disbelief in the information presented. Furthermore, the passage is not nostalgic (choice D), as it does not dwell on sentimental feelings or memories of the past. Therefore, 'Objective' is the most suitable description of the passage's theme.
The best part about going to the theatre is the feeling of being transported into the story. As soon as the curtains rise, you can forget about the chairs, that make you feel like you've been squished into a sardine can, and embrace wherever the story takes you, if only for a short while. The emotions in the play become your emotions. The lives of the characters become your life. From a drama about a financial crisis to a comedy about a play gone wrong, there is no limit to where the theatre can take you.
Which of the following perspectives can be inferred from the passage?
- A. Cicadas and public interest in cicadas are cyclical.
- B. Cicadas and public interest in cicadas are global.
- C. Cicadas and public interest in cicadas are inspirational.
- D. Cicadas and public interest in cicadas are inapplicable.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The passage provided talks about the cyclical nature of going to the theatre and how it transports individuals into different stories. There is no mention of global aspects, inspirational qualities, or inapplicability related to cicadas and public interest in cicadas. Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not supported by the passage.