Nokea
Which of the following groups are not required to fast during Ramadan, a major Muslim religious observance?
- A. Anyone who is sick
- B. Medical students
- C. Adolescents
- D. Adult women
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Islamic law exempts the sick from fasting to protect their health.
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The nurse demonstrates an understanding of the first assumption of Stuart's Stress Adaptation Model when:
- A. Encouraging a client's adult children to accompany their parent to family group therapy sessions.
- B. Discussing with a client's health team which interventions should be included in the plan of care.
- C. Planning interventions based on a particular nursing theory that is relevant to the client's problem.
- D. Identifying community resources that will help a mentally ill client live in his own home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first assumption of Stuart's Stress Adaptation Model is that the client is a part of a larger system involving family and social support. By encouraging a client's adult children to accompany their parent to family group therapy sessions, the nurse is acknowledging and incorporating the client's support system. This aligns with the model's focus on involving family members in the client's care to promote adaptation and stress management. This approach recognizes the importance of social support in the client's overall well-being.
Summary of Other Choices:
B: Discussing interventions with the health team focuses on collaboration and coordination but does not specifically address the client's family support system as required by the model.
C: Planning interventions based on a nursing theory is important but does not directly align with the first assumption of involving the client's family.
D: Identifying community resources is beneficial, but it does not specifically address the client's family support system, which is the primary focus of the first assumption in Stuart
The most appropriate crisis intervention with Amanda (from question 3) would be to:
- A. Encourage her to recognize how lucky she is to be alive.
- B. Discuss stages of grief and feelings associated with each.
- C. Identify community resources that can help Amanda.
- D. Suggest that she find a place to live that provides a storm shelter.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because identifying community resources can provide immediate support and assistance to Amanda during the crisis. This approach focuses on practical help and solutions tailored to her specific needs. Encouraging her to recognize her luck (A) may invalidate her feelings, discussing grief stages (B) may not address her immediate needs, and suggesting finding a place with a storm shelter (D) does not directly address her current crisis.
A patient was admitted 48 hours ago for injuries sustained while intoxicated. The patient is shaky, irritable, anxious, and diaphoretic. The pulse rate is 130 beats per minute. The patient shouts, 'Bugs are crawling on my bed. I’ve got to get out of here.' What is the most accurate assessment of the situation? The patient:
- A. is attempting to obtain attention by manipulating staff.
- B. may have sustained a head injury before admission.
- C. has symptoms of alcohol withdrawal delirium.
- D. is having a recurrence of an acute psychosis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The patient has symptoms of alcohol withdrawal delirium. The presentation of shakiness, irritability, anxiety, diaphoresis, elevated heart rate, and hallucinations ('bugs are crawling on my bed') are classic signs of alcohol withdrawal delirium. Delirium tremens, a severe form of alcohol withdrawal, typically occurs 48-72 hours after the last drink and can be life-threatening. This patient's symptoms are consistent with the timeline and manifestations of alcohol withdrawal, requiring immediate medical intervention.
Incorrect answers:
A: Manipulating staff for attention is unlikely given the severity of the symptoms and the potential life-threatening nature of alcohol withdrawal delirium.
B: Head injury would not typically present with these specific symptoms and timeline.
D: Acute psychosis would not typically manifest with these specific symptoms in the context of alcohol intoxication and withdrawal.
Reinforcer function as a reward
- A. Primary
- B. Secondary
- C. Both
- D. None of these
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary (innate) and secondary (learned) reinforcers reward behavior.
Ethnic minorities are often victims of stigmatization regarding their mental illnesses. The nurse initially addresses this potential problem by:
- A. Informing a client of his civil rights.
- B. Educating a client as to various available counseling services.
- C. Discussing with the client how family and friends are reacting to his illness.
- D. Helping the client develop the confidence to stand up for himself.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because discussing how family and friends are reacting to the client's illness helps identify potential sources of stigma and provides insight into the client's support system. This allows the nurse to address specific issues and provide appropriate interventions. Option A is incorrect as civil rights may not directly address stigma. Option B focuses on counseling services but doesn't directly address stigma. Option D addresses confidence but may not directly tackle the issue of stigma faced by ethnic minorities.