Nokea
Which of the following is a contraindication of glucocorticoid use?
- A. Psychosis
- B. Allergic dermatitis
- C. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- D. Angioneurotic edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glucocorticoids can exacerbate psychosis, making it a contraindication, unlike the other conditions which they can treat.
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A 57-year-old man was recently diagnosed with Type-2 diabetes mellitus and placed on a medication. He began having myalgias and feeling sick and later developed respiratory distress, so he went to the hospital. His pH was 7.2, and he had elevated blood lactate levels. Which drug is likely causing his problem?
- A. Acarbose
- B. Glyburide
- C. Metformin
- D. Pioglitazone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is associated with lactic acidosis, presenting with low pH and high lactate, especially in overdose or renal impairment.
For the treatment of morphine addiction which of the following drug is substituted?
- A. Tramadol
- B. Methadone
- C. Fluoxetine
- D. Dextromethorphan
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methadone, a long-acting opioid agonist, is commonly substituted for morphine in addiction treatment to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings.
Amiodarone has been prescribed in a patient with a supraventricular dysrhythmia. Patient teaching should include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A. Notify your health-care provider immediately if you have visual change.
- B. Monitor your own blood pressure and pulse daily.
- C. Take a hot shower or bath if you feel dizzy.
- D. Use a sunscreen on exposed body surfaces.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hot showers can worsen amiodarone-induced hypotension, not help it.
A nurse is caring for a patient taking multiple drugs and is concerned about a possible drug-drug interaction. What is the nurse's first and best means of avoiding this problem?
- A. Consult a drug guide.
- B. Call the pharmacist.
- C. Contact the provider.
- D. Ask another nurse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Whenever two or more drugs are being given together, first consult a drug guide for a listing of clinically significant drug-drug interactions. Sometimes problems can be avoided by staggering the administration of the drugs or adjusting their dosages. Consulting the pharmacist is not wrong, but it would not be the first action to take. The nurse holds responsibility for his or her own practice so asking a health care provider or another nurse is based on the assumption that that professional is knowledgeable about all drug-drug interactions, which is likely not the case.
A nurse is reviewing a client's health record and notes that the client experiences permanent extrapyramidal effects caused by a previous medication. The nurse should recognize that the medication affected which of the following systems in the client?
- A. Cardiovascular
- B. Immune
- C. Central nervous
- D. Gastrointestinal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Extrapyramidal effects are movement disorders caused by medications affecting the central nervous system , like antipsychotics.