Nokea
Which of the following is a factor that affects Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
- A. Age
- B. Sleep
- C. Fasting/Starvation
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All the listed options (Age, Sleep, Fasting/Starvation, Activity Level) are factors that can affect a person's Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). BMR is the number of calories your body needs to accomplish its most basic (basal) life-sustaining functions. Age can affect BMR as metabolism slows with age. Sleep can influence BMR as metabolism slows during sleep. Fasting or starvation can decrease BMR as the body conserves energy. Activity level can also influence BMR; the more active you are, the higher your BMR, as your body requires more energy for physical activities.
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Any disease that produces ____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K.
- A. water
- B. protein
- C. fat
- D. carbs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
What is the primary goal of a dental hygienist when making dietary recommendations for a patient with a new dental prosthesis?
- A. To promote healing and repair by ensuring an adequate and nutrient-dense diet
- B. To promote healing and repair by recommending consumption of only liquids for the first week
- C. To promote a balanced diet by recommending a variety of fibrous foods
- D. To encourage the patient to become accustomed to the prosthesis by eating as usual
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary goal of a dental hygienist when making dietary recommendations for a patient with a new dental prosthesis is to promote healing and repair. This can be achieved by ensuring the patient maintains an adequate and nutrient-dense diet. This is why option 'A' is the correct answer. Option 'B' is incorrect because while liquids are easier to consume with a new dental prosthesis, a diet consisting only of liquids for a week may not provide all necessary nutrients. Option 'C' is incorrect because while a variety of fibrous foods can contribute to a healthy diet, it's not specifically relevant to the healing and adjustment to a new dental prosthesis. Option 'D' is incorrect because eating as usual may not be feasible or comfortable for a patient with a new prosthesis, and it doesn't specifically focus on promoting healing and repair.
Which factor contributes to the development of bone diseases in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) due to retention?
- A. Iron
- B. Sodium
- C. Potassium
- D. Phosphorus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is phosphorus. Retention of phosphorus in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) contributes to the development of bone disorders, including osteodystrophy, because it disrupts the balance of calcium and phosphorus in the body. This imbalance leads to a variety of bone diseases. The other options - iron, sodium, and potassium - while important in the overall metabolic function, are not directly linked to the development of bone diseases in CKD patients due to retention.
During which stage of life is it most critical to build bone mass to prevent osteoporosis?
- A. Infancy
- B. Early childhood
- C. Adolescence
- D. Young adulthood
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adolescence is the most critical stage for building bone mass, which plays a significant role in preventing osteoporosis in later life. During adolescence, approximately 45% of adult bone mass is formed. Although bone mass can be built during infancy, early childhood, and young adulthood, it is not as significant as during adolescence, making choices A, B, and D incorrect. Therefore, focusing on adequate nutrition and physical activity during adolescence is vital for long-term bone health.
What is the first step in the scientific method?
- A. Conduct an experiment
- B. Make an observation and ask a question
- C. Formulate a hypothesis
- D. Reach a consensus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The first step in the scientific method is to make an observation and ask a question. This is because the scientific method is a systematic process of investigation that begins with observing a phenomenon or asking a question about it. This is followed by formulating a hypothesis (Choice C), designing and conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis (Choice A), and analyzing the results to reach a consensus or conclusion (Choice D). Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they represent steps that occur after the initial observation and question.