Nokea
Which of the following is a natality rate?
- A. Crude birth rate
- B. Neonatal mortality rate
- C. Infant mortality rate
- D. General fertility rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crude birth rate. Natality rate refers to the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year. The crude birth rate includes all live births in a population without any adjustments.
B: Neonatal mortality rate measures the number of deaths within the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births.
C: Infant mortality rate measures the number of deaths within the first year of life per 1,000 live births.
D: General fertility rate measures the number of live births per 1,000 women of childbearing age.
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To monitor clients registered in long-term regimens, such as Multi-Drug Therapy, which component will be most useful?
- A. Tally report
- B. Output report
- C. Target/client list
- D. Individual health record
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Target/client list is most useful as it provides a comprehensive list of clients in long-term regimens.
Step 2: It allows for easy monitoring of individual progress and adherence to treatment plans.
Step 3: Tally report (A) only provides a count, lacking specific client information.
Step 4: Output report (B) may not include all necessary client details.
Step 5: Individual health record (D) is specific to one client, not ideal for overall monitoring.
In a municipality with a population of about 20,000, estimate the number of 1-4 year old children who should be given Retinol capsules 200,000 every 6 months.
- A. 1,500
- B. 1,800
- C. 2,000
- D. 2,300
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (2,300). To estimate the number of 1-4 year old children who should be given Retinol capsules 200,000 every 6 months in the municipality, we can use the rule of thumb that around 10-15% of the population falls within the 1-4 age group. With a population of 20,000, this translates to approximately 2,000-3,000 children. Since 200,000 capsules are provided every 6 months, we can divide this by the number of children to determine the number of capsules per child. Therefore, 200,000 / 2,300 ≈ 87 capsules per child over 6 months, which is a reasonable estimate.
Summary of other choices:
A: 1,500 - This is too low given the population estimate and age group percentage.
B: 1,800 - This is also too low given the population estimate and age group percentage.
C
Why is a primigravida instructed to offer her breast to the baby for the first time within 30 minutes after delivery?
- A. To initiate the occurrence of milk letdown
- B. To stimulate milk production by the mammary acini
- C. To provide the baby with colostrum
- D. To allow the mother to practice breastfeeding in the presence of healthcare providers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Primigravida refers to a woman pregnant for the first time.
2. Colostrum is the first milk produced after childbirth, rich in antibodies and nutrients.
3. Offering the breast within 30 minutes ensures the baby receives this vital colostrum.
4. Colostrum provides immune protection and establishes the baby's gut microbiome.
5. Options A and B relate to mature milk production, not colostrum.
6. Option D focuses on practice, not the immediate benefits of colostrum.
In the year 1980, the World Health Organization declared the Philippines, along with some other countries in the Western Pacific Region, 'free' of which disease?
- A. Pneumonic plague
- B. Poliomyelitis
- C. Smallpox
- D. Anthrax
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Smallpox. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared the Philippines and other countries in the Western Pacific Region 'free' of smallpox due to successful global vaccination campaigns. Smallpox is caused by the variola virus and is characterized by a distinctive rash. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Pneumonic plague is a severe form of the bubonic plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
B: Poliomyelitis is a viral infection that can lead to paralysis, but it was not eradicated in 1980.
D: Anthrax is a bacterial infection that primarily affects animals but can also infect humans.
Which statistic can provide the most accurate reflection of the health status of a community?
- A. 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate
- B. Infant mortality rate
- C. Swaroop's index
- D. Crude death rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Swaroop's index. This index considers the age distribution of deaths, providing a more accurate reflection of the health status of a community compared to other statistics. A focuses on a specific age group, limiting the scope. B solely focuses on infant deaths, ignoring other age groups. D is a basic measure that doesn't consider age distribution, leading to potential inaccuracies in reflecting the overall health status of the community. Swaroop's index is a comprehensive indicator that considers all age groups, making it the most accurate choice for assessing the health status of a community.