Nokea
Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic?
- A. Furosemide
- B. Spironolactone
- C. Hydrochlorothiazide
- D. Bumetanide
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone is classified as a potassium-sparing diuretic. It works by antagonizing the aldosterone receptor, leading to potassium retention and sodium excretion, making it a suitable choice for conditions where potassium retention is desired, such as in patients with heart failure or liver cirrhosis.
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A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. What might be helpful for this patient?
- A. Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- B. Lithium
- C. Alprazolam (Xanax)
- D. Spironolactone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alprazolam (Xanax) is a medication commonly prescribed to treat anxiety disorders and panic attacks. It belongs to the class of medications known as benzodiazepines, which work by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain to produce a calming effect. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug, not typically used for anxiety or panic attacks. Lithium is primarily used to treat bipolar disorder, not anxiety. Spironolactone is a diuretic primarily used to treat conditions like high blood pressure and heart failure, not anxiety or panic attacks.
When administering Lithium to a patient, what is a life-threatening side effect?
- A. Erythema
- B. Pancreatitis
- C. Seizures
- D. Headache
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who asks about a prescription for propranolol. The nurse should inform the client that this medication is contraindicated in clients with a history of which of the following conditions?
- A. Asthma
- B. Glaucoma
- C. Depression
- D. Migraines
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Propranolol is contraindicated in clients with a history of asthma because it can cause bronchospasms due to its non-selective beta-blocking properties. By blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs, propranolol can lead to bronchoconstriction, potentially triggering asthma symptoms and exacerbating respiratory issues. It is essential for individuals with asthma to avoid medications like propranolol that can worsen their condition.
What should a patient taking Omeprazole report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Black, tarry stools
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Abdominal pain
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client has been prescribed Alendronate for osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
- A. Take the medication with a full glass of water after getting up in the morning.
- B. Remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication.
- C. Chew the tablet and mix it with applesauce if swallowing is difficult.
- D. Take the medication at bedtime to minimize the chance of esophageal irritation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.