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Which of the following is a potential complication of a multiple gestation pregnancy?
- A. Preterm labor
- B. Gestational diabetes
- C. Placenta previa
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Multiple gestation pregnancies are at higher risk for complications like preterm labor, as the uterus may become over-distended leading to early contractions. Gestational diabetes is also common due to the increased demands on the mother's body. Additionally, placenta previa can occur due to the abnormal implantation of the placenta in a multiple gestation pregnancy. Therefore, all of these complications are potential risks in a multiple gestation pregnancy. Other choices are incorrect as they do not encompass the range of complications associated with multiple gestation pregnancies.
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What is the recommended method of pain relief for a woman who has a cesarean delivery?
- A. Epidural anesthesia
- B. Intravenous opioids
- C. Patient-controlled analgesia
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. After a cesarean delivery, a combination of pain relief methods is often recommended to manage postoperative pain effectively. Epidural anesthesia provides continuous pain relief, intravenous opioids offer immediate relief, and patient-controlled analgesia allows the woman to self-administer pain medication as needed. This multimodal approach ensures adequate pain control while minimizing side effects. Choosing only one method may not address all aspects of pain management. Therefore, utilizing all three options in combination is the most comprehensive and effective approach in managing pain after a cesarean delivery.
What is the recommended method of screening for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) during pregnancy?
- A. Urine culture
- B. Rectovaginal culture
- C. Blood test
- D. Nasopharyngeal culture
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The recommended method for screening GBS during pregnancy is a rectovaginal culture. This method involves swabbing the rectum and vagina to detect GBS colonization. This is crucial because GBS can be transmitted to the newborn during delivery, leading to serious infections. Urine culture (choice A) is not recommended for GBS screening as it does not accurately reflect vaginal colonization. Blood test (choice C) and nasopharyngeal culture (choice D) are also not appropriate for GBS screening during pregnancy. Rectovaginal culture is the gold standard method for identifying GBS colonization in pregnant women.
Which of the following is a potential indication for a forceps-assisted delivery?
- A. Fetal distress
- B. Maternal hemorrhage
- C. Prolonged second stage of labor
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A prolonged second stage of labor is a common indication for a forceps-assisted delivery.
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postpartum and has a third-degree perineal laceration. The client reports not having a bowel movement for 4 days. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
- A. Bisacodyl 10 mg rectal suppository
- B. Magnesium hydroxide 30 mL PO
- C. Famotidine 20 mg PO
- D. Loperamide 4 mg PO
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A rectal suppository like bisacodyl is effective for relieving constipation and is safe for postpartum clients with perineal lacerations.
Which of the following is a professional standard for nursing practice in maternal and newborn healthcare?
- A. Collaboration with patients and families
- B. Continuity of care
- C. Cultural competence
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Collaboration with patients and families enhances patient-centered care, continuity of care ensures seamless transitions in healthcare delivery, and cultural competence promotes understanding and respect for diverse beliefs and practices. These three standards are crucial in maternal and newborn healthcare to ensure holistic, safe, and effective care. Choosing any single option would overlook the importance of the other standards, leading to potential gaps in care delivery. Therefore, selecting all of the above ensures comprehensive adherence to professional standards in nursing practice for maternal and newborn healthcare.