Nokea
Which of the following is a qualitative research design where lived experiences of individuals are examined in their "life-world"?
- A. Ethnography
- B. Phenomenology
- C. Ethology
- D. Grounded theory
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenomenology is a qualitative research design that focuses on exploring and understanding the lived experiences of individuals within their "life-worlds." It seeks to uncover the essence of a phenomenon as it is experienced subjectively by individuals, aiming to understand the underlying meanings and perspectives through in-depth interviews, observations, and reflections. In phenomenology, researchers aim to set aside their own biases and preconceptions to capture the essence of the participants' experiences as they see them. This approach allows researchers to gain insight into how individuals make sense of and interpret their world, providing rich and detailed accounts of unique human experiences.
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The BEST result of health education process is
- A. It influences and changes behavior
- B. It provides new input
- C. Update others
- D. Information transfer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best result of a health education process is when it successfully influences and changes behaviors towards positive health outcomes. Providing new input, updating others, and information transfer are important components of health education, but the ultimate goal is to effect behavior change. When individuals are able to internalize and apply the knowledge gained from health education to make healthier choices in their daily lives, the process can be considered successful. Therefore, the most desirable outcome of health education is the behavioral change that leads to improved health and well-being.
Which measure will be used in the unit to ensure patient satisfaction of the delivery of health services?
- A. Encourage to use social media
- B. Provide means to evaluate services
- C. Verbal feedback
- D. Ask the local officials
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Providing means to evaluate services is the most appropriate measure to ensure patient satisfaction with the delivery of health services. This can be done through patient surveys, feedback forms, or other evaluation methods. By systematically collecting and analyzing feedback from patients, healthcare providers can assess the quality of their services, identify areas for improvement, and address any concerns or issues raised by patients. This proactive approach allows for continuous monitoring and improvement of the healthcare services provided, leading to enhanced patient satisfaction and overall quality of care.
Which of the following statements indicate an effective communication technique used by the unit manager to her staff?
- A. "We need to improve our nursing services otherwise top management will take over,
- B. "Lets limit requesting supplies and equipment, our budget for our promotion might be affected."
- C. "There are a lot of redundant positions in our unit, there is a need to retrench some staff."
- D. "We need to discuss strategic approaches to facilitate delivery of nursing services with less expense on our consumers."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Option D demonstrates an effective communication technique used by the unit manager because it focuses on discussing strategic approaches to improve the delivery of nursing services while also considering cost effectiveness for the consumers. By emphasizing the need for strategic planning and efficient service delivery, the manager is promoting a proactive and solution-oriented approach rather than simply stating potential negative outcomes or making abrupt decisions like in the other options. This approach fosters more open communication, collaboration, and problem-solving within the team, ultimately leading to better outcomes and team morale.
A patient is exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and develops immunity against future infections. Which type of immunity is primarily responsible for this protection?
- A. Passive immunity
- B. Innate immunity
- C. Humoral immunity
- D. Cell-mediated immunity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Humoral immunity is primarily responsible for protecting against infections by pathogens like viruses. In the case of the hepatitis B virus (HBV), the individual is exposed to the virus and develops immunity, which is typically mediated by antibodies produced by B cells. These antibodies circulate in the blood and can neutralize the virus, preventing future infections. This type of immunity is known as humoral immunity, as it involves the production of antibodies that target specific antigens, such as those present on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. In contrast, passive immunity is when antibodies are transferred from an external source, innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific defenses against pathogens, and cell-mediated immunity involves the activation of T cells to combat intracellular pathogens.
The following are considered qualitative research process EXCEPT?
- A. Sample
- B. Hypothesis
- C. Literature review
- D. Data collection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In qualitative research, the focus is on exploring a phenomenon in-depth, understanding experiences, perceptions, and meanings. Unlike quantitative research, qualitative research does not typically start with a hypothesis to be tested. Instead, qualitative studies often use open-ended questions and flexible methods to gather rich, detailed data that can lead to new insights and theories. The other options - sample, literature review, and data collection - are essential components of the qualitative research process.