Nokea
Which of the following is a sign of possible upper motor neuron damage?
- A. Muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia.
- B. Muscle flaccidity and diminished reflexes.
- C. Normal muscle tone and reflexes.
- D. Absence of neurological symptoms.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Upper motor neuron damage is characterized by muscle spasticity and hyperreflexia. Flaccidity, diminished reflexes, and normal tone are not associated with upper motor neuron damage.
You may also like to solve these questions
The following conditions are required for rhodopsin regeneration:
- A. NADPH
- B. darkness
- C. splitting of all trans-retinal from the opsin
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rhodopsin regeneration requires NADPH, darkness, and the separation of all-trans-retinal from opsin. These steps are essential for the visual cycle.
After receiving a change-of-shift report at 7:00 am, which of these patients will you assess first?
- A. A 23-year-old with a migraine headache who is complaining of severe nausea associated with retching
- B. A 45-year-old who is scheduled for a craniotomy in 30 minutes and needs preoperative teaching
- C. A 59-year-old with Parkinson's disease who will need a swallowing assessment before breakfast
- D. A 63-year-old with multiple sclerosis who has an oral temperature of 101.8°F and flank pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preoperative teaching is time-sensitive and critical for surgical preparation.
The nurse is participating in the preparation of a seminar on the neurologic system for a community health fair. Which part of the system is the nurse referring when the statement 'rest and digest' is included?
- A. Left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex
- B. Right hemisphere of the cerebral cortex
- C. Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
- D. Parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for 'rest and digest' functions, such as digestion and relaxation. The sympathetic division mediates the 'fight-or-flight' response, while the cerebral hemispheres are involved in higher cognitive functions. Understanding the autonomic nervous system is key to explaining physiological responses.
In the acute phase following a cerebrovascular accident, patients have a tendency to develop pressure lesions for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
- A. high degree of muscle spasticity
- B. accompanying sensory loss
- C. interference with altered autonomic reflexes
- D. diminished muscle use
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Spasticity does not typically contribute to pressure ulcers.
What is the strongest known risk factor for MS?
- A. cigarette smoking
- B. genetics
- C. obesity
- D. living in northern climates
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Genetics is the strongest known risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). While environmental factors like vitamin D deficiency and smoking can influence risk, having a family history of MS significantly increases an individual's likelihood of developing the condition.