Nokea
Which of the following is an effective approach in the appraisal of research studies?
- A. Evaluate the quality of the research against the standards for that type of research.
- B. Select only studies with a sample size of at least 100 people.
- C. Discard systematic reviews and meta-analyses since they are the weakest form of evidence.
- D. Accept only studies that use a randomized controlled trial design.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Evaluate the quality of the research against the standards for that type of research. This approach is effective because it considers the specific criteria and guidelines relevant to the particular type of research being appraised. By assessing the research against established standards, one can determine the rigor, validity, and reliability of the study. This method ensures that the evaluation process is objective and systematic, leading to a more accurate assessment of the research's quality.
Summary:
B: Selecting studies based solely on sample size is not a comprehensive approach as other factors also influence research quality.
C: Discarding systematic reviews and meta-analyses is incorrect as they provide valuable synthesized evidence.
D: Accepting only randomized controlled trials may limit the scope of research appraisal, excluding other valid study designs.
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The Rehabilitation Unit at Pleasant Valley Hospital has a high number of falls. What interventions might assist to reduce the number of falls on the unit?
- A. Restrain patients at risk for falls.
- B. Recognize that errors are solely the result of the actions of individual people.
- C. Provide an in-service that informs nurses of the current, best practices of fall prevention.
- D. Punish the staff who are caring for the patients who fall.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide an in-service that informs nurses of the current, best practices of fall prevention. This intervention is effective because education and training on fall prevention strategies empower staff to implement evidence-based practices to reduce falls. Restraint (Choice A) is not recommended as it can lead to physical and psychological harm. Blaming individuals (Choice B) does not address systemic issues. Punishing staff (Choice D) creates a culture of fear and does not promote learning or improvement.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has anorexia nervosa. The nurse should make which of the following client goals the priority?
- A. Encouraging the patient to attend group therapy.
- B. Monitoring for thoughts of self-harm.
- C. Preventing fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
- D. Fostering feelings of self-respect.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Preventing fluid and electrolyte imbalance. This is the priority goal because individuals with anorexia nervosa are at high risk for dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and cardiac complications due to severe restriction of food intake. Addressing fluid and electrolyte balance is crucial for the client's physical health and safety. Monitoring for self-harm thoughts (B) and fostering self-respect (D) are important but secondary to the immediate physiological needs of the client. Encouraging group therapy (A) is beneficial for long-term treatment but not as critical as addressing the client's physical health in the immediate term.
To help nurse managers better manage their time, the chief nursing officer suggests that they:
- A. Progress through the workday without a plan.
- B. Put off important tasks until they feel motivated to start them.
- C. Only accept projects that exactly fit their specifications.
- D. Decline requests that are not in alignment with their priorities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decline requests that are not in alignment with their priorities. This is the best option for nurse managers to manage their time effectively. By focusing on tasks that align with their priorities, they can ensure they are using their time efficiently and effectively. Progressing without a plan (choice A) is not recommended as it can lead to disorganization and inefficiency. Putting off important tasks (choice B) is counterproductive and can lead to increased stress and missed deadlines. Only accepting projects that fit exact specifications (choice C) may limit opportunities for growth and development. In summary, by declining requests that do not align with priorities, nurse managers can optimize their time management and focus on what truly matters.
As a nurse manager, you have to be effective in managing a culturally diverse staff. Which of the following nurse manager attributes would assist you in addressing the cultural needs of your staff?
- A. Assuming the thoughts and behaviors of individuals based on their race or ethnicity.
- B. Encouraging the potential in all staff.
- C. Being conscious of the dynamics when culture interacts.
- D. Conducting a cultural self-assessment.
- E. Fostering unity by imposing American values upon all staff members.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Correct Answer: B, C, D
Rationale:
B: Encouraging the potential in all staff is crucial for addressing cultural needs. It promotes inclusivity and values diversity.
C: Being conscious of the dynamics when culture interacts helps in understanding and respecting different cultural perspectives and practices.
D: Conducting a cultural self-assessment is essential to identify biases and gain awareness of one's own cultural background.
Summary:
A: Assuming thoughts and behaviors based on race/ethnicity is stereotyping and can lead to discrimination.
E: Imposing American values may alienate staff with different cultural backgrounds and hinder effective communication and collaboration.
Feedback from staff suggests that the new scale is too difficult for patients who have limited language skills and who are already under duress to understand. The difficulty in implementing the new scale refers to testing:
- A. practice failure.
- B. efficacy.
- C. effectiveness.
- D. comparative error.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: effectiveness. In this scenario, the feedback indicates that the new scale is not effective for patients with limited language skills and under duress. The term "effectiveness" in testing refers to how well a test measures what it is intended to measure. In this case, the new scale is not effectively measuring the intended outcomes due to the difficulties faced by the patients.
A: Practice failure does not directly address the issue of the new scale being difficult for certain patients.
B: Efficacy typically refers to how well a treatment works under ideal conditions, not the appropriateness of a test for specific populations.
D: Comparative error is not relevant in this context and does not address the issue of the new scale being too difficult for certain patients.
In summary, the correct answer is C because the feedback indicates a lack of effectiveness in the new scale for patients with limited language skills and under duress.