Community Needs Assessment Questions

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Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention strategy for preventing the spread of HIV?

  • A. Providing education on safe sex practices
  • B. Offering free HIV testing and counseling
  • C. Advocating for HIV prevention policies
  • D. Providing clean needles to individuals who inject drugs
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because offering free HIV testing and counseling is a secondary prevention strategy that aims to detect HIV early in individuals who may be at risk, provide them with necessary support and information to prevent further transmission, and link them to appropriate care and treatment. This helps in identifying and addressing HIV infections in the early stages, reducing the risk of transmission to others.

A: Providing education on safe sex practices is a primary prevention strategy focused on promoting awareness and behaviors to prevent HIV infection in the first place.
C: Advocating for HIV prevention policies is a tertiary prevention strategy that involves implementing broader societal measures to prevent the spread of HIV.
D: Providing clean needles to individuals who inject drugs is a harm reduction strategy aimed at reducing the risk of bloodborne infections like HIV among this specific population but does not directly address preventing the spread of HIV in a broader context.

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A nurse begins to collect information about a particular health problem from community residents. Which potential problem would most likely arise?

  • A. Residents might become suspicious about why the nurse needs this information.
  • B. Residents might believe the nurse is becoming intrusive in their personal lives.
  • C. Residents might wonder why they are being asked about the problem when previous surveys may also have asked about the same problem.
  • D. Residents might begin to expect service to be given to address the problem.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Although the process of needs assessment can indicate strengths and weaknesses, it can also raise expectations for new services to address problems. It is also possible that this data collection may cause residents to become suspicious and wonder why this data collection is necessary. However, in most cases, this is not problematic. The problem will arise if residents expect that services will be provided when they may not.

A very busy day is planned at a community health fair, and a nurse spends time greeting and meeting each person who walks in. Which best describes the rationale for this action?

  • A. To distribute evaluation forms immediately so the participants can fill in the appropriate answers after each interaction with a professional
  • B. To immediately establish a friendly relationship and a level of trust
  • C. To make sure everyone knew who was sponsoring this free event
  • D. To most efficiently send the person to the area consistent with his or her apparent health need
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The core of health education is the therapeutic and healing relationship between the nurse and clients. Inclusion and trust must be established before creating change. The nurse enhances inclusion by greeting clients on arrival in a warm fashion. Distribution of evaluation forms, informing participants of program sponsorship, and sending clients to the appropriate area of the health fair are not as important as the need for establishing a relationship.

A nurse is implementing a program to reduce the rates of alcohol abuse in a community. Which of the following interventions would be most effective?

  • A. Providing education on the risks of alcohol use
  • B. Advocating for stricter alcohol regulations
  • C. Offering alcohol treatment services
  • D. Providing alcohol-free events in the community
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing education on the risks of alcohol use. This intervention is most effective as it helps increase awareness and knowledge about the dangers of alcohol abuse, leading to informed decision-making. Advocating for stricter alcohol regulations (B) may help control access but may not address underlying reasons for abuse. Offering alcohol treatment services (C) is important for those already struggling, not for prevention. Providing alcohol-free events (D) is beneficial but doesn't directly address the problem of alcohol abuse.

The nurse is evaluating a community health program focused on smoking cessation. Which of the following would indicate a positive outcome?

  • A. Increase in the number of participants in the program
  • B. Reduction in smoking rates in the community
  • C. Increase in public awareness about smoking risks
  • D. Improvement in the economic status of smokers
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a reduction in smoking rates in the community directly reflects the success of the smoking cessation program. This outcome indicates that the program is effectively helping individuals quit smoking, leading to improved community health.

A: An increase in participants does not necessarily indicate success; quality over quantity is essential.
C: Increased awareness is beneficial but does not directly measure program effectiveness in helping individuals quit smoking.
D: While improved economic status can be a positive outcome, it does not directly relate to the success of a smoking cessation program.

A public health nurse wanted statistics on the disability, illness, and other health-related variables for the state. Which would be the best resource for the nurse to obtain the most extensive data?

  • A. State health department records
  • B. State department of vital statistics
  • C. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  • D. The National Center for Health Statistics
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The National Center for Health Statistics compiles annual National Health Survey data. It also publishes reports on prevalence of disability, illness, and other health-related variables. It tracks trends by nation, state, and year. The state health department records, state department of vital statistics, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will not provide all of the data that the nurse is trying to find.