Nokea
Which of the following is an example of a Specific Learning Disability?
- A. Mental Retardation
- B. Dyslexia
- C. ADHD
- D. Autistic spectrum disorders
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dyslexia: A persistent, chronic condition in which reading ability lags behind that of non-impaired individuals for the course of most of their lifetime.
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A patient, aged 77 years, has Alzheimer's disease. She goes to day care during the week and is otherwise cared for by her daughter and grandchildren. The nurse at the day care center noticed multiple bruises on the patient's palms, elbows, and buttocks. When the daughter arrived to pick her up, the nurse discussed her observations. The daughter became defensive and said that her mother was very difficult to manage. She stated, "My mother is not my mother anymore. She is confused, and she wanders all night. We have to watch her constantly. Last night I fell asleep, and she fell down the stairs. Sometimes she cannot recognize me and accuses me of trying to poison her. I can't concentrate at work, and it's wrecking the family. Sometimes I just cannot bear it."Â Which nursing diagnosis would be most important to address for this family?
- A. Knowledge deficit pertaining to dementia
- B. Grieving related to mother's deterioration
- C. Risk for injury related to cognitive impairment
- D. Caregiver role strain related to increased care needs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct nursing diagnosis to address in this scenario is D: Caregiver role strain related to increased care needs. This is the most important as it focuses on the daughter's challenges and emotional burden due to her mother's condition. The daughter's statements reveal feelings of overwhelm, guilt, and exhaustion, which are key indicators of caregiver role strain. By addressing this nursing diagnosis, the healthcare team can provide support and resources to help the daughter cope with the demands of caring for her mother.
Choice A (Knowledge deficit pertaining to dementia) is not the most important in this situation as the daughter's issue is not lack of knowledge but rather emotional stress. Choice B (Grieving related to mother's deterioration) is not the priority as addressing the daughter's emotional strain is more urgent than addressing grief. Choice C (Risk for injury related to cognitive impairment) is also important but not as immediate as addressing the caregiver's emotional well-being.
A boy with a conduct disorder diagnosis would be most likely to have which symptom?
- A. Withdrawal
- B. Ritualistic behavior
- C. Class bully
- D. Class clown
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A pattern of bullying is a common sign of conduct disorder. Responses A and B may reflect autism.
The nurse who assesses a patient previously diagnosed as having paranoid personality disorder is most likely to describe the patient as:
- A. superficially charming.
- B. intense and impulsive.
- C. guarded and distant.
- D. friendly and open.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: guarded and distant. This is because individuals with paranoid personality disorder typically exhibit suspiciousness, mistrust, and a reluctance to confide in others. They tend to be hypervigilant and wary of others, leading them to appear guarded and distant.
A: Superficially charming is incorrect because individuals with paranoid personality disorder are more likely to be cautious and suspicious rather than charming.
B: Intense and impulsive is incorrect as this description is more characteristic of individuals with borderline personality disorder, not paranoid personality disorder.
D: Friendly and open is incorrect because individuals with paranoid personality disorder are more likely to be reserved and cautious in their interactions.
In summary, the correct answer is C because individuals with paranoid personality disorder typically exhibit guarded and distant behavior due to their suspicious and mistrustful nature.
A victim of partner abuse, parent of one child, describes the partner as someone who is easily frustrated and more likely to be abusive after experiencing an event in which the most recent episodes of violence were related to feeling 'upset' over a job loss. What type of therapy would provide the greatest help to the abuser?
- A. Voluntary individual or group therapy
- B. Court-ordered individual or group therapy
- C. Voluntary couples or family therapy
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Voluntary individual or group therapy. This type of therapy would be most helpful as it focuses on addressing the abuser's personal issues and behaviors, such as managing frustration and anger. By participating voluntarily, the abuser is more likely to be open to introspection and change.
Summary of other choices:
B: Court-ordered therapy may not be as effective as voluntary therapy, as the abuser may feel forced and less motivated to engage in the process.
C: Couples or family therapy may not be appropriate initially as the abuser needs to work on personal issues first before addressing relationship dynamics.
D: None of the above is incorrect as voluntary individual or group therapy is the most suitable option for addressing the abuser's behavior.
A client who is hospitalized with anorexia nervosa states during a one-to-one session with the nurse, 'I'm freaking out. I'm losing it.' Which nurse response would be most therapeutic at this time?
- A. Would you feel better if I called your parents?'
- B. Just sit here and relax and maintain control.'
- C. Let me sit with you for a while.'
- D. Tell me what thoughts are going through your head.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it encourages the client to express their thoughts and feelings, aiding in the therapeutic process. This response promotes open communication and allows the nurse to assess the client's mental state. Choice A may not address the client's immediate distress and could potentially escalate anxiety. Choice B dismisses the client's feelings and does not address the issue. Choice C offers support but does not actively encourage the client to verbalize their thoughts, which is crucial in addressing underlying issues.