Nokea
Which of the following is classified as a noninfectious disease?
- A. Dengue
- B. Psoriasis
- C. Chikungunya
- D. Brucellosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Psoriasis is classified as a noninfectious disease because it is linked to an overactive immune system that leads to skin inflammation and rapid skin cell growth. Unlike infectious diseases such as Dengue, Chikungunya, and Brucellosis, which are caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens, Psoriasis does not spread through pathogens. Therefore, Psoriasis is the correct choice for a noninfectious disease.
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Among the following molecules, which one contains the fewest covalent bonds?
- A. Water molecule (H2O)
- B. Methane molecule (CH4)
- C. Chlorine molecule (Cl2)
- D. Ammonia molecule (NH3)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The chlorine molecule (Cl2) contains the fewest covalent bonds as it consists of two chlorine atoms sharing a single covalent bond. Water (H2O), methane (CH4), and ammonia (NH3) involve multiple atoms bonded together, leading to more covalent bonds compared to the chlorine molecule. Hence, among the options provided, the chlorine molecule has the least number of covalent bonds.
Which component of an atom has relatively little mass that is considered negligible when calculating the atomic mass number?
- A. Neutron
- B. Proton
- C. Electron
- D. Quark
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Electron. Electrons have significantly less mass compared to protons and neutrons, making their contribution to the atomic mass number negligible. When calculating the atomic mass, the mass of electrons is typically not factored in due to their minimal mass compared to the other components of the atom. While protons and neutrons contribute significantly to the atomic mass number, electrons, due to their much smaller mass, are considered to have a negligible impact on the overall calculation. Therefore, electrons can be disregarded when determining the atomic mass of an atom.
Which of the following proteins is present in blood plasma?
- A. Fibrinogen
- B. Lymphocytes
- C. Monocytes
- D. Platelets
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fibrinogen. Fibrinogen is a vital protein present in blood plasma that plays a key role in blood clotting. Lymphocytes, monocytes, and platelets are different types of blood cells and not proteins found in blood plasma. Understanding the components of blood plasma, such as fibrinogen, is essential for comprehending its functions in various physiological processes, particularly in clot formation.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the substance exists as which of the following?
- A. As a gel with solid and liquid trapped in gas
- B. Simultaneously in sol, gel, and plasma phases
- C. Simultaneously in solid, liquid, and gas phases
- D. As a sol with gas and solid trapped in liquid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The triple point is a specific condition where a substance can exist simultaneously in all three phases: solid, liquid, and gas. The other options do not accurately describe this state.
Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?
- A. Sebum
- B. Water
- C. Urea
- D. Lysozymes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urea is the correct answer. Sweat glands excrete urea in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia. Urea is a waste product resulting from the breakdown of proteins in the liver and is excreted in urine as well as through sweat. Sebum is an oily substance produced by the skin's sebaceous glands, water is excreted by various means but is not specifically a result of protein breakdown, and lysozymes are enzymes that help protect the body against bacterial infections.