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Which of the following is not a psychiatric condition commonly associated with oppositional behaviour in children?
- A. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
- B. Conduct Disorder
- C. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
- D. Autism Spectrum Disorder
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PTSD is less commonly linked to oppositional behavior compared to ADHD, Conduct Disorder, ASD, and Anxiety Disorders.
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A type of delusion in which a patient claims that her genitals have disappeared without her knowledge is called
- A. Hypochondriacal
- B. Amorous
- C. Reference
- D. Nihilistic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nihilistic delusions involve beliefs that parts of the body or the self have ceased to exist or are destroyed.
A client displays disorganized thinking, difficult-to-follow speech, and silly, inappropriate affect. The client isolates himself from other clients and staff, ignores unit activities, and often seems to be listening and responding to unseen stimuli. This client's behavior most closely conforms to the characteristic behavior of:
- A. Residual schizophrenia
- B. Schizoaffective disorder
- C. Paranoid schizophrenia
- D. Disorganized schizophrenia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Disorganized schizophrenia. The client's symptoms of disorganized thinking, difficult-to-follow speech, inappropriate affect, social withdrawal, and hallucinations (responding to unseen stimuli) align with the diagnostic criteria for Disorganized Schizophrenia. This subtype is characterized by disorganized behavior, speech, and affect, as well as social withdrawal and hallucinations.
A: Residual schizophrenia does not involve active psychotic symptoms like hallucinations or delusions, which are present in the client's behavior described.
B: Schizoaffective disorder combines symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorders, and the client's symptoms do not strongly suggest a mood disorder component.
C: Paranoid schizophrenia typically involves prominent delusions and auditory hallucinations, which are not emphasized in the client's behavior described.
A client with a personality disorder asks the nurse, 'Is it true I have an inherited brain disorder?' The nurse replies, knowing that:
- A. There is proof that personality disorders are inherited
- B. All persons with personality disorders display brain abnormalities
- C. Individuals with personality disorders show an error in brain glucose metabolism
- D. Individuals with personality disorders manifest some biological markers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale:
D is correct because individuals with personality disorders can manifest biological markers indicating a potential biological basis for the disorder. This does not imply that all individuals with personality disorders display brain abnormalities (B), have errors in brain glucose metabolism (C), or that there is definitive proof of inheritance (A). Biological markers suggest a potential biological component but do not guarantee inheritance or specific brain abnormalities.
Schizophrenia is most commonly found in
- A. adolescents
- B. young adults
- C. the middle aged
- D. the elderly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schizophrenia typically emerges in young adulthood, often in the late teens to early 20s.
A young patient diagnosed with schizophrenia is standing naked after showering and appears to be both dazed and indecisive. The nursing intervention that will be most helpful to promote dressing would be:
- A. saying, 'These are your clothes. Please get dressed.'
- B. saying, 'These are your underpants. I'll help you put them on.'
- C. asking, 'Which of these two outfits would you like to wear now?'
- D. asking, 'Is something the matter with your clothes that makes you not want to dress?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. By saying, "These are your underpants. I'll help you put them on," the nurse provides clear guidance and offers assistance, which can help the patient feel more comfortable and supported in the dressing process. This approach acknowledges the patient's need for help while respecting their autonomy.
Choice A is too directive and may make the patient feel pressured or overwhelmed. Choice C involves too many options, which can be confusing for a patient experiencing indecisiveness. Choice D assumes a problem with the clothes rather than focusing on the patient's needs and feelings. Overall, choice B is the most appropriate and supportive intervention in this situation.