Nokea
Which of the following is not a result of menopause?
- A. loss of hormones
- B. reduction in breast mass
- C. increase in calcium deposition
- D. psychological changes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: increase in calcium deposition. Menopause is associated with a decrease in estrogen levels, leading to bone loss rather than an increase in calcium deposition. Loss of hormones (A) is a result of menopause due to the decline in estrogen and progesterone. Reduction in breast mass (B) occurs as estrogen levels decrease, impacting breast tissue. Psychological changes (D) such as mood swings and irritability are common during menopause due to hormonal fluctuations. Thus, an increase in calcium deposition is not a result of menopause, making choice C the correct answer.
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A 22-yr-old patient reports her concern about not having a menstrual period for the past 7 months. Which statement by the patient indicates a possible related factor to the amenorrhea?
- A. “I drink at least 3 glasses of nonfat milk every day.”
- B. “I run 7 to 8 miles every day to manage my weight.”
- C. “I am not sexually active but currently I have an IUD
- D. “I was treated for a sexually transmitted infection 2 years ago.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Running 7 to 8 miles daily can lead to amenorrhea due to excessive exercise-induced stress on the body, affecting hormone levels and menstrual cycle. This is known as exercise-induced amenorrhea. Choices A, C, and D do not directly correlate with amenorrhea. Choice A indicates a healthy calcium intake. Choice C suggests the presence of an IUD, which is not typically associated with amenorrhea. Choice D indicates a history of STI, which may not directly cause amenorrhea.
The urethra passes through the _____ of the penis.
- A. tunica albuginea
- B. prepuce
- C. corpora spongiosum
- D. corpora cavernosa
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: corpora spongiosum. The urethra passes through the corpora spongiosum of the penis, which is a spongy tissue that surrounds the urethra. This allows for the passage of urine and semen during ejaculation. The other choices are incorrect because: A) The tunica albuginea is a fibrous covering of the corpora cavernosa, not the urethra. B) The prepuce is the foreskin that covers the glans penis, not part of the urethra. D) The corpora cavernosa are erectile tissue responsible for penile erection, not part of the urethra's pathway.
The epididymis:
- A. is comm
- B. shaped;
- C. is crossed by the deferent duct (vas deferens);
- D. displays tunica albuginea on the inside;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The epididymis is a structure where sperm mature and are stored.
Step 2: The deferent duct (vas deferens) carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.
Step 3: Since the deferent duct crosses the epididymis, choice C is correct.
Summary: Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the anatomical relationship between the epididymis and the deferent duct.
In order for milk to flow from the nipple of the mother into the mouth of the nursing infant, which of the following must occur?
- A. Myoepithelial cells must relax
- B. Prolactin levels must fall
- C. Oxytocin secretion from the posterior pituitary must take place
- D. The baby’s mouth must develop a strong negative pressure over the nipple
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because oxytocin is responsible for stimulating the contraction of myoepithelial cells around the alveoli in the mammary glands, causing milk ejection. This process is known as the let-down reflex. In contrast, choice A (myoepithelial cells must relax) is incorrect because they need to contract to push milk out. Choice B (prolactin levels must fall) is incorrect because prolactin is responsible for milk production, not milk ejection. Choice D (the baby's mouth must develop a strong negative pressure over the nipple) is incorrect because it is the mother's hormone release, not the baby's action, that causes milk flow.
A client is concerned about her irregular menstrual periods since she has increased her daily workouts at the gym to 2 hours each day. What is the nurses best response?
- A. Do you want to talk about the need for that much exercise?
- B. Exercise is healthy but can decrease body fat and cause irregular periods. Test Bank - Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts for Interprofessional Collaborative Care 9e 588
- C. Bingeing and purging can cause electrolyte problems in your body.
- D. Anorexic behavior can result in decreased estrogen levels.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Increasing exercise intensity can lead to decreased body fat percentage, impacting hormonal balance and causing irregular periods. This is known as athletic amenorrhea. Choice A is incorrect as it does not address the physiological impact of excessive exercise on menstrual cycles. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they refer to eating disorder behaviors, which are not directly related to the client's concern of irregular periods due to increased exercise.