Nokea
Which of the following is not a side effect of Sympathoplegics (Clonidine)?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Difficulty breathing
- C. Dry oral cavity
- D. Lethargic behavior
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension is not a side effect of Sympathoplegics (Clonidine). Sympathoplegics are medications that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system, leading to decreased heart rate and blood pressure. Therefore, hypertension is not a common side effect. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because difficulty breathing, dry oral cavity, and lethargic behavior are potential side effects of Sympathoplegics due to their central nervous system depressant effects.
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Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin toxicity?
- A. Protamine
- B. Methylene blue
- C. N-acetylcysteine
- D. Glucagon
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Protamine is the antidote for Heparin toxicity because it binds to Heparin and forms a stable complex, neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Protamine sulfate is positively charged, while Heparin is negatively charged, allowing them to bind effectively. Methylene blue is used to treat methemoglobinemia, not Heparin toxicity. N-acetylcysteine is used for acetaminophen overdose, and Glucagon is used for beta-blocker overdose.
Which of the following drugs is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome?
- A. Valproic acid
- B. Quinidine
- C. Isoniazid
- D. Ethosuximide
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Ethosuximide is the correct answer as it is a known trigger for Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to its association with hypersensitivity reactions.
Step 2: Valproic acid can cause liver toxicity but is not typically linked to Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Step 3: Quinidine is associated with drug-induced lupus but not commonly known to cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
Step 4: Isoniazid is linked to drug-induced hepatitis but not typically associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
In summary, Ethosuximide is the correct choice due to its well-documented association with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, while the other options are linked to different adverse effects.
Which of the following is not related to drug toxicity of Atenolol?
- A. CHF
- B. Tachycardia
- C. AV block
- D. Sedative appearance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that works by slowing down the heart rate, so tachycardia is not related to its toxicity. A: CHF can be exacerbated by Atenolol due to its negative inotropic effects. C: AV block can occur as Atenolol can further slow down the heart's conduction system. D: Sedative appearance can be a side effect of Atenolol due to its action on the central nervous system. In summary, tachycardia is not related to Atenolol toxicity because it decreases heart rate.
Which of the following is not directly related to the drug toxicity of Ibuprofen?
- A. Nausea
- B. Renal dysfunction
- C. Anemia
- D. Muscle wasting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muscle wasting. Ibuprofen is primarily associated with gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, renal dysfunction, and anemia due to its effects on the stomach, kidneys, and blood. Muscle wasting is not a known direct effect of Ibuprofen toxicity. Ibuprofen is not typically linked to muscle-related issues, making choice D the correct answer.
A drug ending in the suffix (navir) is considered a ______.
- A. Antidepressant
- B. Protease inhibitor
- C. Beta antagonist
- D. H antagonist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Protease inhibitor. Drugs ending in the suffix (navir) are commonly used to inhibit protease enzymes in viruses, particularly in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Protease inhibitors disrupt viral replication by preventing the cleavage of viral proteins, thus inhibiting the production of new infectious viral particles.
Choice A, Antidepressant, is incorrect as drugs used to treat depression usually end in (ine) or (pram).
Choice C, Beta antagonist, is incorrect as drugs affecting beta receptors typically end in (olol) or (lol).
Choice D, H antagonist, is incorrect as drugs targeting histamine receptors usually end in (ine) or (idine).