Nokea
Which of the following is not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
- A. Diabetes mellitus
- B. Lung cancer
- C. Pre-diabetes mellitus
- D. Hyperuricemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NAFLD diabetes, pre-sugar, uric, colon tie; lung cancer's out. Nurses link this chronic fat net.
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During his internship at a general practice, a medical student is asked to check the blood glucose level in a 30-year-old patient with type 1 diabetes. Acute glycaemic dysregulation is suspected in this patient. The patient asks if the student is going to take a capillary blood sample as shown in the picture below. Which of the following statements applies best in case of suspected acute dysregulation?
- A. The result will equal that of a finger prick sample
- B. The result will be higher than that of a finger prick sample
- C. The result will be lower than that of a finger prick sample
- D. One must not draw blood from this site in this case
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute type 1 chaos no arm vein draw, finger prick's king for fast reads, not this site. Nurses skip this, a chronic crisis dodge.
A patient on the oncology unit is receiving carmustine, a chemotherapy agent, and the nurse is aware that a significant side effect of this medication is thrombocytopenia. Which symptom should the nurse assess for in patients at risk for thrombocytopenia?
- A. Interrupted sleep pattern
- B. Hot flashes
- C. Epistaxis (nose bleed)
- D. Increased weight
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carmustine, a nitrosourea, slams bone marrow, dropping platelets and causing thrombocytopenia low counts mean bleeding risks soar. Epistaxis (nosebleeds) is a classic sign, as mucosal vessels lack clotting support, especially with counts below 50,000/µL. Sleep issues might tie to discomfort but aren't direct. Hot flashes link to hormonal therapies, not this. Weight gain's unrelated cancer often causes loss. Nurses zero in on bleeding like epistaxis, bruising, or petechiae checking daily for these red flags, vital in oncology to catch and manage this life-threatening chemo fallout early.
Assessment of a wound does not include which of the following?
- A. Location
- B. Size
- C. Blood Pressure
- D. Colour of wound
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wound checks where, how big, what hue guide care. BP's body-wide, not wound-specific. Nurses skip it, a chronic sore's focus.
The nurse is working in the emergency department and has four clients arrive at the same time. Which client should the nurse see first?
- A. A client requesting antibiotics for a cough
- B. A client who has a facial fracture with severe facial and oral swelling
- C. A client who states she has not urinated in 8 hours
- D. A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease reporting increased dyspnea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facial fracture with severe swelling risks airway ABCs dictate first look, as edema could choke breathing fast. Cough's stable, anuria's concerning but not immediate, COPD dyspnea's chronic unless crashing. Nurses triage swelling, anticipating intubation, a split-second save in this ED rush.
A 50 year old man has a BP of 160/100 mmHg despite being on 10 mg Lisinopril om. Which of the following is not a good choice?
- A. Diuretic
- B. Calcium channel blocker
- C. Bisoprolol
- D. Losartan
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BP 160/100 diuretic, calcium, beta, upping lisinopril stack; losartan doubles ACE, risks crash. Nurses dodge this chronic overlap.