Which of the following is the best way to defuse cultural misunderstandings that serve as obstacles in cross-cultural care?
- A. Reinforce personal authority in the doctor-patient relationship
- B. Advocate changes in current medical school curriculum
- C. Avoid serving patients from particular backgrounds
- D. Maintain open and honest communication with patients
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Open communication resolves misunderstandings and builds trust.
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Which of these is not one of Biesteks's Seven Principles of Relationship
- A. Acceptance
- B. Independence
- C. Controlled emotional involvement
- D. Confidentiality
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Independence is not among Biestek's original seven; the others are core principles.
A patient in an alcohol rehabilitation program says, 'I have been a loser all my life. I’m so ashamed of what I have put my family through. Now, I’m not even sure I can succeed at staying sober.' Which nursing diagnosis applies?
- A. Chronic low self-esteem
- B. Situational low self-esteem
- C. Disturbed personal identity
- D. Ineffective health maintenance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chronic low self-esteem. The patient's statement reflects long-standing feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness, indicating a chronic issue rather than a temporary situation (situational low self-esteem). The statement also reveals a negative perception of self, which aligns with chronic low self-esteem. Disturbed personal identity refers to confusion in one's sense of self, which is not evident in the patient's statement. Ineffective health maintenance pertains to the inability to identify, manage, and seek help for health problems, which is not the primary issue in this scenario. Therefore, A is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis.
----results in self-development and helps a person to plan his present and future wisely:
- A. Guidance
- B. Counseling
- C. Advice
- D. Advise
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Guidance supports self-development and planning, often in career or educational contexts.
Albert Ellis and Aron Beck contributed in ------therapy:
- A. Cognitive behavioral therapy
- B. REBT
- C. Rational Emotive Therapy
- D. None of them
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ellis (REBT) and Beck (cognitive therapy) both contributed to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), integrating thought and behavior.
It occurs when the group has matured and attains a feeling of cohesiveness:
- A. Forming
- B. Storming
- C. Norming
- D. Performing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Performing (Tuckman) is when the group functions effectively as a cohesive, productive unit.
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