Nokea
Which of the following is true about the Nurse Competence in Aging (NCA) initiative?
- A. It was developed to support the professional development and leadership growth of nurses who provide care to older adults in long-term care.
- B. It developed resources for nurses to access evidence-based information on topics related to the care of older adults.
- C. It provides predoctoral and postdoctoral scholarships for study and research in geriatric nursing.
- D. It developed the first certification in gerontological nursing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the Nurse Competence in Aging (NCA) initiative focuses on developing resources for nurses to access evidence-based information on topics related to the care of older adults. This is evident in the initiative's goal to enhance the knowledge and skills of nurses caring for older adults. The other choices are incorrect because A is not specific to the NCA initiative, C pertains to scholarships rather than resources for accessing information, and D is incorrect as the NCA initiative did not develop the first certification in gerontological nursing.
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Intra-renal renal failure can be caused by all of the following conditions except______
- A. certain aminoglycoside antibiotics
- B. glomerulonephritis
- C. kidney stones
- D. diabetic or hypertensive nephrosclerosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: kidney stones. Intra-renal renal failure refers to damage within the kidney itself. Kidney stones mainly affect the urinary tract rather than directly causing damage within the kidney. A: certain aminoglycoside antibiotics can cause intra-renal renal failure by damaging the kidney tubules. B: glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidney, leading to intra-renal renal failure. D: diabetic or hypertensive nephrosclerosis can cause intra-renal renal failure due to long-term damage to the kidney's blood vessels and structures.
What is the primary factor contributing to medication nonadherence in older adults?
- A. Lack of health literacy
- B. High cost of medications
- C. Limited access to healthcare providers
- D. Complicated medication regimens
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Complicated medication regimens. Older adults often have multiple medical conditions requiring several medications, leading to confusion and difficulty in following complex regimens. This complexity increases the likelihood of medication nonadherence. Lack of health literacy (A) may contribute but is not the primary factor. High cost of medications (B) and limited access to healthcare providers (C) are important barriers, but they are not as directly linked to nonadherence as the complexity of medication regimens.
What is the most common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults?
- A. Medication side effects
- B. Sleep deprivation
- C. Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
- D. Electrolyte imbalances
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urinary tract infections (UTIs). UTIs are a common cause of delirium in hospitalized older adults due to their impact on the central nervous system. UTIs can lead to systemic inflammation and affect cognitive function, resulting in delirium. Other choices like medication side effects, sleep deprivation, and electrolyte imbalances can contribute to delirium but are not as common or direct as UTIs in this population.
An 81 yr old female presents to the ED with altered level of consciousness. All of the following except____ are possible causes for this condition.
- A. peripheral arterial disease
- B. hypoglycemia
- C. pneumonia
- D. hypotension from dehydration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: peripheral arterial disease. Altered level of consciousness in an 81-year-old female is unlikely to be directly caused by peripheral arterial disease. Instead, hypoglycemia, pneumonia, and hypotension from dehydration are common causes of altered mental status in the elderly. Hypoglycemia can lead to brain dysfunction, pneumonia can cause low oxygen levels affecting brain function, and dehydration-induced hypotension can reduce blood flow to the brain. Therefore, peripheral arterial disease is not typically a direct cause of altered consciousness in this scenario.
Define Ageism.
- A. Ageism is a form of prejudice in which older adults are stereotyped by characteristics found in only a few members of their group.
- B. Ageism is the discrimination against individuals who are younger than 65.
- C. Ageism is when younger people are overlooked in healthcare.
- D. Ageism is the positive stereotype that all older adults are wise.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Ageism is defined as prejudice or discrimination against individuals based on their age.
2. Choice A accurately defines ageism by highlighting the prejudicial nature and stereotyping of older adults.
3. Choices B and C are incorrect as ageism can occur against any age group, not just those over 65 or younger people in healthcare.
4. Choice D is incorrect as ageism involves negative stereotypes, not positive ones like assuming all older adults are wise.